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Training intelligent agents to navigate highly interactive environments presents significant challenges. While guided meta reinforcement learning (RL) approach that first trains a guiding policy to train the ego agent has proven effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mansur Arief , Mike Timmerman , Jiachen Li , David Isele , Mykel J Kochenderfer

Many manipulation tasks require robots to interact with unknown environments. In such applications, the ability to adapt the impedance according to different task phases and environment constraints is crucial for safety and performance.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Xiang Zhang , Liting Sun , Zhian Kuang , Masayoshi Tomizuka

It is quite challenging to ensure the safety of reinforcement learning (RL) agents in an unknown and stochastic environment under hard constraints that require the system state not to reach certain specified unsafe regions. Many popular…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-14 Yixuan Wang , Simon Sinong Zhan , Ruochen Jiao , Zhilu Wang , Wanxin Jin , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang , Chao Huang , Qi Zhu

Deploying controllers trained with Reinforcement Learning (RL) on real robots can be challenging: RL relies on agents' policies being modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), which assume an inherently discrete passage of time. The use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Dong Wang , Giovanni Beltrame

In this paper, we aim to tackle the limitation of the Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning (AIRL) method in stochastic environments where theoretical results cannot hold and performance is degraded. To address this issue, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Simon Sinong Zhan , Philip Wang , Qingyuan Wu , Yixuan Wang , Ruochen Jiao , Chao Huang , Qi Zhu

While standard IR models are mainly designed to optimize relevance, real-world search often needs to balance additional objectives such as diversity and fairness. These objectives depend on inter-document interactions and are commonly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Nilanjan Sinhababu , Andrew Parry , Debasis Ganguly , Pabitra Mitra

Reinforcement learning usually assumes a given or sometimes even fixed environment in which an agent seeks an optimal policy to maximize its long-term discounted reward. In contrast, we consider agents that are not limited to passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ziqing Lu , Babak Hassibi , Lifeng Lai , Weiyu Xu

AI methods are used in societally important settings, ranging from credit to employment to housing, and it is crucial to provide fairness in regard to algorithmic decision making. Moreover, many settings are dynamic, with populations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Zhun Deng , He Sun , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Linjun Zhang , David C. Parkes

We study the problem of generalizing an expert agent's behavior, provided through demonstrations, to new environments and/or additional constraints. Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) offers a promising solution by seeking to recover the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Filippo Lazzati , Alberto Maria Metelli

Traditionally, Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims at deciding how to act optimally for an artificial agent. We argue that deciding when to act is equally important. As humans, we drift from default, instinctive or memorized behaviors to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Alexis Jacq , Johan Ferret , Olivier Pietquin , Matthieu Geist

In typical reinforcement learning (RL), the environment is assumed given and the goal of the learning is to identify an optimal policy for the agent taking actions through its interactions with the environment. In this paper, we extend this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang , Zhiming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Ying Wen , Yong Yu , Wenxin Li

Deep Reinforcement Learning achieves very good results in domains where reward functions can be manually engineered. At the same time, there is growing interest within the community in using games based on Procedurally Content Generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Alessandro Sestini , Alexander Kuhnle , Andrew D. Bagdanov

We consider the task of Inverse Reinforcement Learning in Contextual Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). In this setting, contexts, which define the reward and transition kernel, are sampled from a distribution. In addition, although the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Stav Belogolovsky , Philip Korsunsky , Shie Mannor , Chen Tessler , Tom Zahavy

In this paper, we study Interaction-Grounded Learning (IGL) [Xie et al., 2021], a paradigm designed for realistic scenarios where the learner receives indirect feedback generated by an unknown mechanism, rather than explicit numerical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Mengxiao Zhang , Yuheng Zhang , Haipeng Luo , Paul Mineiro

Reinforcement Learning (RL) bears the promise of being a game-changer in many applications. However, since most of the literature in the field is currently focused on opaque models, the use of RL in high-stakes scenarios, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) offers a powerful and general framework for learning humans' latent preferences in route recommendation, yet no approach has successfully addressed planetary-scale problems with hundreds of millions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Matt Barnes , Matthew Abueg , Oliver F. Lange , Matt Deeds , Jason Trader , Denali Molitor , Markus Wulfmeier , Shawn O'Banion

Designing reliable decision strategies for autonomous urban driving is challenging. Reinforcement learning (RL) has been used to automatically derive suitable behavior in uncertain environments, but it does not provide any guarantee on the…

Reinforcement learning has become the central approach for language models (LMs) to learn from environmental reward or feedback. In practice, the environmental feedback is usually sparse and delayed. Learning from such signals is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Taiwei Shi , Sihao Chen , Bowen Jiang , Linxin Song , Longqi Yang , Jieyu Zhao

Imitation learning (IL) enables agents to acquire skills directly from expert demonstrations, providing a compelling alternative to reinforcement learning. However, prior online IL approaches struggle with complex tasks characterized by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shangzhe Li , Zhiao Huang , Hao Su

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is an imitation learning approach to learning reward functions from expert demonstrations. Its use avoids the difficult and tedious procedure of manual reward specification while retaining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Daulet Baimukashev , Gokhan Alcan , Ville Kyrki