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Shared autonomy refers to approaches for enabling an autonomous agent to collaborate with a human with the aim of improving human performance. However, besides improving performance, it may often also be beneficial that the agent…

When humans and autonomous systems operate together as what we refer to as a hybrid team, we of course wish to ensure the team operates successfully and effectively. We refer to team members as agents. In our proposed framework, we address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Andrew Fuchs , Andrea Passarella , Marco Conti

In recent years, Deep Reinforcement Learning emerged as a promising approach for autonomous navigation of ground vehicles and has been utilized in various areas of navigation such as cruise control, lane changing, or obstacle avoidance.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Linh Kästner , Marvin Meusel , Teham Bhuiyan , Jens Lambrecht

In order to develop provably safe human-in-the-loop systems, accurate and precise models of human behavior must be developed. In the case of intelligent vehicles, one can imagine the need for predicting driver behavior to develop minimally…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Katherine Driggs-Campbell , Roy Dong , S. Shankar Sastry , Ruzena Bajcsy

The technological and scientific challenges involved in the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are currently of primary interest for many automobile companies and research labs. However, human-controlled vehicles are likely to remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Ran Emuna , Avinoam Borowsky , Armin Biess

In practice, reinforcement learning (RL) agents are often trained with a possibly imperfect proxy reward function, which may lead to a human-agent alignment issue (i.e., the learned policy either converges to non-optimal performance with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Zhaohui Jiang , Xuening Feng , Paul Weng , Yifei Zhu , Yan Song , Tianze Zhou , Yujing Hu , Tangjie Lv , Changjie Fan

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is popular in large language models (LLMs), whereas traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) often falls short. Current autonomous driving methods typically utilize either human feedback in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuan Sun , Navid Salami Pargoo , Peter J. Jin , Jorge Ortiz

Human-vehicle cooperative driving serves as a vital bridge to fully autonomous driving by improving driving flexibility and gradually building driver trust and acceptance of autonomous technology. To establish more natural and effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Qin Wang , Shanmin Pang , Jianwu Fang , Shengye Dong , Fuhao Liu , Jianru Xue , Chen Lv

AI systems are increasingly applied to complex tasks that involve interaction with humans. During training, such systems are potentially dangerous, as they haven't yet learned to avoid actions that could cause serious harm. How can an AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-18 William Saunders , Girish Sastry , Andreas Stuhlmueller , Owain Evans

Autonomous systems have achieved superhuman performance in isolation or simulation, yet they remain brittle in shared, dynamic real-world spaces. This failure stems from the dominant single-agent paradigm for physical applications, where…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ismail Geles , Leonard Bauersfeld , Markus Wulfmeier , Davide Scaramuzza

Imitation Learning is a promising paradigm for learning complex robot manipulation skills by reproducing behavior from human demonstrations. However, manipulation tasks often contain bottleneck regions that require a sequence of precise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Ajay Mandlekar , Danfei Xu , Roberto Martín-Martín , Yuke Zhu , Li Fei-Fei , Silvio Savarese

This paper introduces the notion of danger awareness in the context of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), which decodes whether a human is aware of the existence of the robot, and illuminates whether the human is willing to engage in enforcing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Mehdi Hosseinzadeh , Bruno Sinopoli , Aaron F. Bobick

Behavioural cloning has been extensively used to train agents and is recognized as a fast and solid approach to teach general behaviours based on expert trajectories. Such method follows the supervised learning paradigm and it strongly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Federico Malato , Joona Jehkonen , Ville Hautamäki

In this work, we present a rigorous end-to-end control strategy for autonomous vehicles aimed at minimizing lap times in a time attack racing event. We also introduce AutoRACE Simulator developed as a part of this research project, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Chinmay Vilas Samak , Tanmay Vilas Samak , Sivanathan Kandhasamy

The capabilities of automated vehicles are advancing rapidly, yet achieving full autonomy remains a significant challenge, requiring ongoing human cognition in decision-making processes. Incorporating human cognition into control algorithms…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-12 Abu Jafar Md Muzahid , Xiaopeng Zhao , Zhenbo Wang

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms enable the development of fully autonomous agents that can interact with the environment. Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems decipher human implicit brain signals regardless of the explicit…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Chun-Ren Phang , Akimasa Hirata

One of the key challenges to deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) is to ensure safety at both training and testing phases. In this work, we propose a novel technique of unsupervised action planning to improve the safety of on-policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Hao-Lun Hsu , Qiuhua Huang , Sehoon Ha

This paper addresses motion replanning in human-robot collaborative scenarios, emphasizing reactivity and safety-compliant efficiency. While existing human-aware motion planners are effective in structured environments, they often struggle…

We anticipate increased instances of humans and AI systems working together in what we refer to as a hybrid team. The increase in collaboration is expected as AI systems gain proficiency and their adoption becomes more widespread. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Andrew Fuchs , Andrea Passarella , Marco Conti

The steadily increasing level of automation in human-centred systems demands rigorous design methods for analysing and controlling interactions between humans and automated components, especially in safety-critical applications. The…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mehrnoush Hajnorouzi , Astrid Rakow , Martin Fränzle