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In this "map" we are going to present the concept of indefinite causal order and make a quick journey through its different flavours. We will start with a broad conceptual motivation for studying indefinite causal order, based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Jorge Escandón-Monardes

Process matrices are a framework to model causal relations in the absence of a well-defined acyclic causal order. The framework is very general and does not even assume the existence of a background spacetime. As a result, it is an open…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Matthias Salzger

Born in the intersection between quantum mechanics and general relativity, indefinite causal structure is the idea that in the continuum of time, some sets of events do not have an inherent causal order between them. Process matrices,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Omri Shmueli

Causal modelling is a tool for generating causal explanations of observed correlations and has led to a deeper understanding of correlations in quantum networks. Existing frameworks for quantum causality tend to focus on acyclic causal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 V. Vilasini , Roger Colbeck

The rather unintuitive nature of quantum theory has led numerous people to develop sets of (physically motivated) principles that can be used to derive quantum mechanics from the ground up, in order to better understand where the structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 Bas Westerbaan , John van de Wetering

Principle of information causality, proposed as a generalization of no signaling principle, has efficiently been applied to outcast beyond quantum correlations as unphysical. In this letter we show that this principle when utilized properly…

In quantum information processing it may be possible to have efficient computation and secure communication beyond the limitations of classical systems. In a fundamental point of view, however, evolution of quantum systems by the laws of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-21 Joonwoo Bae

We explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change of state of the entity under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Diederik Aerts

Quantum mechanics, in principle, allows for processes with indefinite causal order. However, most of these causal anomalies have not yet been detected experimentally. We show that every such process can be simulated experimentally by means…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-04 Simon Milz , Felix A. Pollock , Thao P. Le , Giulio Chiribella , Kavan Modi

We give a mathematical framework to describe the evolution of an open quantum systems subjected to finitely many interactions with classical apparatuses. The systems in question may be composed of distinct, spatially separated subsystems…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Blute , I. T. Ivanov , P. Panangaden

We probe the foundations of causal structure inference experimentally. The causal structure concerns which events influence other events. We probe whether causal structure can be determined without intervention in quantum systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Hongfeng Liu , Xiangjing Liu , Qian Chen , Yixian Qiu , Vlatko Vedral , Xinfang Nie , Oscar Dahlsten , Dawei Lu

Investigating the role of causal order in quantum mechanics has recently revealed that the causal distribution of events may not be a-priori well-defined in quantum theory. While this has triggered a growing interest on the theoretical…

The correlations that can be observed between a set of variables depend on the causal structure underpinning them. Causal structures can be modeled using directed acyclic graphs, where nodes represent variables and edges denote functional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-08 Rafael Chaves , Christian Majenz , David Gross

The study of causal relations has recently been applied to the quantum realm, leading to the discovery that not all physical processes have a definite causal structure. While indefinite causal processes have previously been experimentally…

One of the key ways in which quantum mechanics differs from relativity is that it requires a fixed background reference frame for spacetime. In fact, this appears to be one of the main conceptual obstacles to uniting the two theories.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Lachlan Parker , Fabio Costa

Indefinite causal order is a key feature involved in the study of quantum higher order transformations. Recently, intense research has been focused on possible advantages related to the lack of definite causal order of quantum processes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-12 Matheus Capela , Harshit Verma , Fabio Costa , Lucas Chibebe Céleri

In all existing quantum walk models, the assumption about a pre-existing fixed background causal structure is always made and has been taken for granted. Nevertheless, in this work we will get rid of this tacit assumption especially by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-15 Yuanbo Chen , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

Finding a causal model for a set of classical variables is now a well-established task---but what about the quantum equivalent? Even the notion of a quantum causal model is controversial. Here, we present a causal discovery algorithm for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-20 Christina Giarmatzi , Fabio Costa

The Caus[-] construction takes a compact closed category of basic processes and yields a *-autonomous category of higher-order processes obeying certain signalling/causality constraints, as dictated by the type system in the resulting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Will Simmons , Aleks Kissinger

This paper presents a framework for Quantum causal modeling based on the interpretation of causality as a relation between an observer's probability assignments to hypothetical or counterfactual experiments. The framework is based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Jacques Pienaar