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Procedural 3D Terrain generation has become a necessity in open world games, as it can provide unlimited content, through a functionally infinite number of different areas, for players to explore. In our approach, we use Generative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-14 Emmanouil Panagiotou , Eleni Charou

Procedural content generation (PCG) is a growing field, with numerous applications in the video game industry and great potential to help create better games at a fraction of the cost of manual creation. However, much of the work in PCG is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Michael Beukman , Manuel Fokam , Marcel Kruger , Guy Axelrod , Muhammad Nasir , Branden Ingram , Benjamin Rosman , Steven James

Procedural content generation uses algorithmic techniques to create large amounts of new content for games at much lower production costs. In newer approaches, procedural content generation utilizes machine learning. However, these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Davor Hafnar , Jure Demšar

Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML) faces a significant hurdle that sets it apart from other fields, such as image or text generation, which is limited annotated data. Many existing methods for procedural level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Negar Mirgati , Matthew Guzdial

In computer games, traditional procedural terrain generation relies on a grid of vertices, with each point representing terrain elevation. For each square in the grid, two triangles are created by connecting fixed vertex indices, resulting…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Richard Tivolt

Autonomous systems that efficiently utilize tools can assist humans in completing many common tasks such as cooking and cleaning. However, current systems fall short of matching human-level of intelligence in terms of adapting to novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Carl Qi , Yilin Wu , Lifan Yu , Haoyue Liu , Bowen Jiang , Xingyu Lin , David Held

Techniques for procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) have been shown to be useful for generating novel game content. While used primarily for producing new content in the style of the game domain used for training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Anurag Sarkar , Adam Summerville , Sam Snodgrass , Gerard Bentley , Joseph Osborn

In this paper we propose a novel point cloud generator that is able to reconstruct and generate 3D point clouds composed of semantic parts. Given a latent representation of the target 3D model, the generation starts from a single point and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Wei-Jan Ko , Hui-Yu Huang , Yu-Liang Kuo , Chen-Yi Chiu , Li-Heng Wang , Wei-Chen Chiu

Expressive range analysis is a visualization-based technique used to evaluate the performance of generative models, particularly in game level generation. It typically employs two quantifiable metrics to position generated artifacts on a 2D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Mahsa Bazzaz , Seth Cooper

Procedural Content Generation for 3D game levels faces challenges in balancing spatial coherence, navigational functionality, and adaptable gameplay progression across multi-floor environments. This paper introduces a novel framework for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Kaijie Xu , Clark Verbrugge

Low-light image enhancement aims to improve an image's visibility while keeping its visual naturalness. Different from existing methods tending to accomplish the relighting task directly by ignoring the fidelity and naturalness recovery, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Kui Jiang , Zhongyuan Wang , Zheng Wang , Chen Chen , Peng Yi , Tao Lu , Chia-Wen Lin

Generative models for level generation have shown great potential in game production. However, they often provide limited control over the generation, and the validity of the generated levels is unreliable. Despite this fact, only a few…

The paper presents the PCGPT framework, an innovative approach to procedural content generation (PCG) using offline reinforcement learning and transformer networks. PCGPT utilizes an autoregressive model based on transformers to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Sajad Mohaghegh , Mohammad Amin Ramezan Dehnavi , Golnoosh Abdollahinejad , Matin Hashemi

When a network is reconstructed from data, two types of errors can occur: false positive and false negative errors about the presence or absence of links. In this paper, the vertex degree distribution of the true underlying network is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-04-30 Gloria Cecchini , Bjoern Schelter

Training models to high-end performance requires availability of large labeled datasets, which are expensive to get. The goal of our work is to automatically synthesize labeled datasets that are relevant for a downstream task. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Amlan Kar , Aayush Prakash , Ming-Yu Liu , Eric Cameracci , Justin Yuan , Matt Rusiniak , David Acuna , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

Existing methods of level generation using latent variable models such as VAEs and GANs do so in segments and produce the final level by stitching these separately generated segments together. In this paper, we build on these methods by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Anurag Sarkar , Seth Cooper

Procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) has demonstrated its usefulness as a content and game creation approach, and has been shown to be able to support human creativity. An important facet of creativity is combinational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Sam Snodgrass , Anurag Sarkar

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown impressive results in a variety of domains, learning directly from high-dimensional sensory streams. However, when neural networks are trained in a fixed environment, such as a single level in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Niels Justesen , Ruben Rodriguez Torrado , Philip Bontrager , Ahmed Khalifa , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

The simulation of discrete karst networks presents a significant challenge due to the complexity of the physicochemical processes occurring within various geological and hydrogeological contexts over extended periods. This complex interplay…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-12 Dany Lauzon , Julien Straubhaar , Philippe Renard

Objectives. We generate via advanced Deep Learning (DL) techniques artificial leaf images in an automatized way. We aim to dispose of a source of training samples for AI applications for modern crop management. Such applications require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Alessandro Benfenati , Davide Bolzi , Paola Causin , Roberto Oberti