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Missing data is prevalent in tabular machine learning (ML) models, and different missing data treatment methods can significantly affect ML model training results. However, little is known about how ML researchers and engineers choose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Wanyi Chen , Mary Cummings

Missing data is a widespread problem in tabular settings. Existing solutions range from simple averaging to complex generative adversarial networks, but due to each method's large variance in performance across real-world domains and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Jacob Feitelberg , Dwaipayan Saha , Kyuseong Choi , Zaid Ahmad , Anish Agarwal , Raaz Dwivedi

Data imputation, the process of filling in missing feature elements for incomplete data sets, plays a crucial role in data-driven learning. A fundamental belief is that data imputation is helpful for learning performance, and it follows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ruikai Yang , Fan He , Mingzhen He , Kaijie Wang , Xiaolin Huang

Missing data in online reinforcement learning (RL) poses challenges compared to missing data in standard tabular data or in offline policy learning. The need to impute and act at each time step means that imputation cannot be put off until…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-14 Kyla Chasalow , Skyler Wu , Susan Murphy

Tabular data are central to many applications, especially longitudinal data in healthcare, where missing values are common, undermining model fidelity and reliability. Prior imputation methods either impose restrictive assumptions or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Dengyi Liu , Honggang Wang , Hua Fang

Tabular data sets with varying missing values are prepared for machine learning using an arbitrary imputation strategy. Synthetic values generated by imputation models often raise concerns regarding data quality and the reliability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Manar D. Samad , Kazi Fuad B. Akhter , Shourav B. Rabbani , Ibna Kowsar

Background: Existing guidelines for handling missing data are generally not consistent with the goals of prediction modelling, where missing data can occur at any stage of the model pipeline. Multiple imputation (MI), often heralded as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Rose Sisk , Matthew Sperrin , Niels Peek , Maarten van Smeden , Glen P. Martin

Missing data is a common problem in practical data science settings. Various imputation methods have been developed to deal with missing data. However, even though the labels are available in the training data in many situations, the common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Thu Nguyen , Tuan L. Vo , Pål Halvorsen , Michael A. Riegler

Incomplete data is a persistent challenge in real-world datasets, often governed by complex and unobservable missing mechanisms. Simulating missingness has become a standard approach for understanding its impact on learning and analysis.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Youran Zhou , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal

In many application settings, the data have missing entries which make analysis challenging. An abundant literature addresses missing values in an inferential framework: estimating parameters and their variance from incomplete tables. Here,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-22 Julie Josse , Jacob M. Chen , Nicolas Prost , Erwan Scornet , Gaël Varoquaux

With the prevalence of sensor failures, imputation, the process of estimating missing values, has emerged as the cornerstone of time series data pre-processing. While numerous imputation algorithms have been developed to repair these data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Quentin Nater , Mourad Khayati

The diffusion model has shown remarkable performance in modeling data distributions and synthesizing data. However, the vanilla diffusion model requires complete or fully observed data for training. Incomplete data is a common issue in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Yidong Ouyang , Liyan Xie , Chongxuan Li , Guang Cheng

Missing values of varying patterns and rates in real-world tabular data pose a significant challenge in developing reliable data-driven models. The most commonly used statistical and machine learning methods for missing value imputation may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ibna Kowsar , Shourav B. Rabbani , Yina Hou , Manar D. Samad

Data corruption, including missing and noisy data, poses significant challenges in real-world machine learning. This study investigates the effects of data corruption on model performance and explores strategies to mitigate these effects…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Qi Liu , Wanjing Ma

BACKGROUND: As databases grow larger, it becomes harder to fully control their collection, and they frequently come with missing values: incomplete observations. These large databases are well suited to train machine-learning models, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Alexandre Perez-Lebel , Gaël Varoquaux , Marine Le Morvan , Julie Josse , Jean-Baptiste Poline

Missing data imputation, which aims to impute the missing values in the raw datasets to achieve the completeness of datasets, is crucial for modern data-driven models like large language models (LLMs) and has attracted increasing interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jianwei Wang , Kai Wang , Ying Zhang , Wenjie Zhang , Xiwei Xu , Xuemin Lin

This tutorial aims to provide signal processing (SP) and machine learning (ML) practitioners with vital tools, in an accessible way, to answer the question: How to deal with missing data? There are many strategies to handle incomplete…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer , Aude Sportisse , Amirhossein Javaheri , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Daniel P. Palomar

Data imputation is a cornerstone technique for handling missing values in real-world datasets, which are often plagued by missingness. Despite recent progress, prior studies on Large Language Models-based imputation remain limited by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Arthur Dantas Mangussi , Ricardo Cardoso Pereira , Ana Carolina Lorena , Pedro Henriques Abreu

Automated machine learning (AutoML) systems aim to enable training machine learning (ML) models for non-ML experts. A shortcoming of these systems is that when they fail to produce a model with high accuracy, the user has no path to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Behnaz Arzani , Kevin Hsieh , Haoxian Chen

Inherently interpretable machine learning (IML) models offer valuable support for clinical decision-making but face challenges when features contain missing values. Traditional approaches, such as imputation or discarding incomplete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Lena Stempfle , Arthur James , Julie Josse , Tobias Gauss , Fredrik D. Johansson
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