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It is proposed to map the quantum information qubit not to individual spin 1/2 states, but to the collective spin states being eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian including spin-spin interactions, which may be not small. Such an approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. R. Kessel

We show that states obtained from deep random Clifford circuits doped with non-Clifford phase gates (including T-gates and $\sqrt{\mathrm{T}}$-gates) can be disentangled completely, provided the number of non-Clifford gates is smaller or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Gerald E. Fux , Benjamin Béri , Rosario Fazio , Emanuele Tirrito

Quantum computing is greatly advanced in recent years and is expected to transform the computation paradigm in the near future. Quantum circuit simulation plays a key role in the toolchain for the development of quantum hardware and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Yuan-Hung Tsai , Jie-Hong R. Jiang , Chiao-Shan Jhang

Classical simulations of high-temperature nuclear spin dynamics in solids are known to accurately predict relaxation for spin 1/2 lattices with a large number of interacting neighbors. Once the number of interacting neighbors becomes four…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-02-20 Patrick Navez , Grigory A. Starkov , Boris V. Fine

The development of a framework for quantifying "non-stabiliserness" of quantum operations is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation, and by the need to estimate classical simulation cost for noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-05 James R. Seddon , Earl T. Campbell

A bottleneck for analyzing the interplay between magic and entanglement is the computation of these quantities in highly entangled quantum many-body magic states. Efficient extraction of entanglement can also inform our understanding of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 ChunJun Cao , Gong Cheng , Tianci Zhou

We present an approach to simulating quantum computation based on a classical model that directly imitates discrete quantum systems. Qubits are represented as harmonic functions in a 2D vector space. Multiplication of qubit representations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-30 Steven Peil

This is a short review on an interdisciplinary field of quantum information science and statistical mechanics. We first give a pedagogical introduction to the stabilizer formalism, which is an efficient way to describe an important class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-12 Keisuke Fujii

Efficient methods for the representation and simulation of quantum states and quantum operations are crucial for the optimization of quantum circuits. Decision diagrams (DDs), a well-studied data structure originally used to represent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Lieuwe Vinkhuijzen , Tim Coopmans , David Elkouss , Vedran Dunjko , Alfons Laarman

Quantum computing employs controllable interactions to perform sequences of logical gates and entire algorithms on quantum registers. This paradigm has been widely explored, e.g., for simulating dynamics of manybody systems by decomposing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 S. Alipour , A. T. Rezakhani , Alireza Tavanfar , K. Mölmer , T. Ala-Nissila

We present a comprehensive study of quantum simulation methods and quantum simulators for classical computers. We first study an exhaustive set of 150+ simulators and quantum libraries. Then, we short-list the simulators that are actively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Kieran Young , Marcus Scese , Ali Ebnenasir

The most scalable proposed methods of simulating lattice fermions on noisy quantum computers employ encodings that eliminate nonlocal operators using a constant factor more qubits and a nontrivial stabilizer group. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Riley W. Chien , Kanav Setia , Xavier Bonet-Monroig , Mark Steudtner , James D. Whitfield

The simulation of complex quantum systems on a quantum computer is studied, taking the kicked Harper model as an example. This well-studied system has a rich variety of dynamical behavior depending on parameters, displays interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Benjamin Levi , Bertrand Georgeot

The ZX-calculus is a graphical language for suitably represented tensor networks, called ZX-diagrams. Calculations are performed by transforming ZX-diagrams with rewrite rules. The ZX-calculus has found applications in reasoning about…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Alex Townsend-Teague , Konstantinos Meichanetzidis

Quantum computers are promising for simulations of chemical and physical systems, but the limited capabilities of today's quantum processors permit only small, and often approximate, simulations. Here we present a method, classical…

The stabiliser formalism plays a central role in quantum computing, error correction, and fault tolerance. Conversions between and verifications of different specifications of stabiliser states and Clifford gates are important components of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Nadish de Silva , Wilfred Salmon , Ming Yin

Classically simulating circuits with bosonic codes is challenging due to the prohibitive cost of simulating quantum systems with many, possibly infinite, energy levels. We propose an algorithm to simulate circuits with encoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Cameron Calcluth , Oliver Hahn , Juani Bermejo-Vega , Alessandro Ferraro , Giulia Ferrini

While rigorous quantum dynamical simulations of many-body systems are extremely difficult (or impossible) due to the exponential scaling with dimensionality, corresponding classical simulations completely ignore quantum effects.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Cesare Mollica , Jiri Vanicek

Classical simulations of quantum circuits are limited in both space and time when the qubit count is above 50, the realm where quantum supremacy reigns. However, recently, for the low depth circuit with more than 50 qubits, there are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-15 Zhao-Yun Chen , Qi Zhou , Cheng Xue , Xia Yang , Guang-Can Guo , Guo-Ping Guo

In dense neutrino gases, which exist for instance in supernovae, the flavour states of different neutrinos may become entangled with one another. The theoretical description of such systems may therefore call for simulations on a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Katarina Bleau , Nikolina Ilic , Joachim Kopp , Ushak Rahaman , Xin Yue Yu
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