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Sensing static or slowly varying magnetic fields with high sensitivity and spatial resolution is critical to many applications in fundamental physics, bioimaging and materials science. Several versatile magnetometry platforms have emerged…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 A. Ajoy , Y. X. Liu , P. Cappellaro

Solid-state magnetometers like the Nitrogen-Vacancy center in diamond have been of paramount importance for the development of quantum sensing with nanoscale spatial resolution. The basic protocol is a Ramsey sequence, that imprints an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-04 Raúl Coto , Hossein T. Dinani , Ariel Norambuena , Mo Chen , Jerónimo R. Maze

The electronic spin of the nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond forms an atomically sized, highly sensitive sensor for magnetic fields. To harness the full potential of individual NV centers for sensing with high sensitivity and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-06-22 Patrick Appel , Elke Neu , Marc Ganzhorn , Arne Barfuss , Marietta Batzer , Micha Gratz , Andreas Tschöpe , Patrick Maletinsky

We report on the development of a microfabricated atomic magnetic gradiometer based on optical spectroscopy of alkali atoms in the vapor phase. The gradiometer, which operates in the spin-exchange relaxation free regime, has a length of 60…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-02-14 Dong Sheng , Abigail R. Perry , Sean P. Krzyzewski , Shawn Geller , John Kitching , Svenja Knappe

In this Letter, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a method to detect vector magnetic field with a single nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond. The magnetic field in parallel with the axis of the NV center can be obtained by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-24 X. -D. Chen , F. -W. Sun , C. -L. Zou , J. -M. Cui , L. -M. Zhou , G. -C. Guo

An ensemble of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond can act as a precise quantum sensor even under ambient conditions. In particular, to optimize thier sensitivity, it is crucial to increase the number of spins sampled and…

Micron scale imaging of magnetic fields is an important tool for understanding the evolution of magnetism through phase transitions and as a result of interactions inside of heterostructures. However, most imaging platforms, like the…

Recently, a novel Direct String Magnetic Gradiometer (DSMG) has been developed, where a vibrating wire, driven by an AC current, is used as a single sensitive element. It is designed to directly measure the local off-diagonal components of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-01-09 Andrew Sunderland , Alexey V. Veryaskin , Wayne McRae , Li Ju , David G. Blair

Magnetometry is a powerful technique for the non-invasive study of biological and physical systems. A key challenge lies in the simultaneous optimization of magnetic field sensitivity and maximum field range. In interferometry-based…

Efficient optical readout of a single, solid-state electronic spin at room temperature is a key challenge for nanoscale quantum sensing. Here we apply the technique of spin-to-charge conversion to enhance the optical spin-state readout of a…

A single spin quantum sensor can quantitatively detect and image fluctuating electromagnetic fields via their effect on the sensor spin's relaxation time, thus revealing important information about the target solid-state or molecular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-25 Zhiran Zhang , Maxime Joos , Dolev Bluvstein , Yuanqi Lyu , Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich

We realise an intrinsic optically pumped magnetic gradiometer based on non-linear magneto-optical rotation. We show that our sensor can reach a gradiometric sensitivity of 18 $\text{fT}/\text{cm}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ and can reject common mode…

Sensitive, real-time optical magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond relies on accurate imaging of small ($\ll 10^{-2}$) fractional fluorescence changes across the diamond sample. We discuss the limitations on magnetic-field…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-04-13 Adam M. Wojciechowski , Mürsel Karadas , Alexander Huck , Fedor Jelezko , Jan Meijer , Ulrik L. Andersen

We experimentally demonstrate a simple and robust protocol for the detection of weak radio-frequency magnetic fields using a single electron spin in diamond. Our method relies on spin locking, where the Rabi frequency of the spin is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-14 M. Loretz , T. Rosskopf , C. L. Degen

The gradient technique is a promising tool with theoretical foundations based on the fundamental properties of MHD turbulence and turbulent reconnection. Its various incarnations use spectroscopic, synchrotron, and intensity data to trace…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-04 Alex Lazarian , Ka Ho Yuen , Dmitri Pogosyan

We present an implementation of all-diamond scanning probes for scanning nitrogen-vacancy (NV) magnetometry fabricated from (111)-oriented diamond material. The realized scanning probe tips on average contain single NV spins, a quarter of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 D. Rohner , J. Happacher , P. Reiser , M. A. Tschudin , A. Tallaire , J. Achard , B. J. Shields , P. Maletinsky

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are among the most promising solid-state qubit candidates, owing to their exceptionally long spin coherence times, efficient spin-photon coupling, room-temperature operation, and steadily advancing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Arjun Raghavan , Seokjin Bae , Nazar Delegan , F. Joseph Heremans , Vidya Madhavan

We demonstrate theoretically that by placing a ferromagnetic particle between a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) magnetometer and a target spin, the magnetometer sensitivity is increased dramatically. Specifically, using materials and techniques…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-11-16 Luka Trifunovic , Fabio L. Pedrocchi , Silas Hoffman , Patrick Maletinsky , Amir Yacoby , Daniel Loss

Scanning nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center electrometry has shown potential for quantitative quantum imaging of electric fields at the nanoscale. However, achieving nanoscale spatial resolution remains a challenge since employing gradiometry to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Zhi Cheng , Zhiwei Yu , Mengqi Wang , Lingfeng Yang , Zihao Cui , Ya Wang , Pengfei Wang

Magnetic imaging with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spins in diamond is becoming an established tool for studying nanoscale physics in condensed matter systems. However, the optical access required for NV spin readout remains an important hurdle…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-26 Yufan Li , Fabian A. Gerritsma , Samer Kurdi , Nina Codreanu , Simon Gröblacher , Ronald Hanson , Richard Norte , Toeno van der Sar