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We introduce Mini-Sequence Transformer (MsT), a simple and effective methodology for highly efficient and accurate LLM training with extremely long sequences. MsT partitions input sequences and iteratively processes mini-sequences to reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Cheng Luo , Jiawei Zhao , Zhuoming Chen , Beidi Chen , Anima Anandkumar

Recent byte-level language models (LMs) match the performance of token-level models without relying on subword vocabularies, yet their utility is limited by slow, byte-by-byte autoregressive generation. We address this bottleneck in the…

Neural machine translation (NMT) heavily relies on word-level modelling to learn semantic representations of input sentences. However, for languages without natural word delimiters (e.g., Chinese) where input sentences have to be tokenized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-12 Jinsong Su , Zhixing Tan , Deyi Xiong , Rongrong Ji , Xiaodong Shi , Yang Liu

Attention is a fundamental computational kernel that accounts for the majority of the workload in transformer and LLM computing. Optimizing dataflow is crucial for enhancing both performance and energy efficiency in attention computation.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haodong Chang , Hailiang Hu , Zhenrui Wang , Yu Gong , Rongjian Liang , Zhexiang Tang , Bo Yuan , Jiang Hu

Transformer-based language models utilize the attention mechanism for substantial performance improvements in almost all natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Similar attention structures are also extensively studied in several other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Nurullah Sevim , Ege Ozan Özyedek , Furkan Şahinuç , Aykut Koç

Lattice reduction (LR) is a preprocessing technique for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) symbol detection to achieve better bit error-rate (BER) performance. In this paper, we propose a customized homogeneous multiprocessor for LR. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-21 Shahriar Shahabuddin , Janne Janhunen , Amanullah Ghazi , Zaheer Khan , Markku Juntti

With the rise of Transformer models in NLP and CV domain, Multi-Head Attention has been proven to be a game-changer. However, its expensive computation poses challenges to the model throughput and efficiency, especially for the long…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-12 Jiing-Ping Wang , Ming-Guang Lin , An-Yeu , Wu

Transformer has been applied in the field of computer vision due to its excellent performance in natural language processing, surpassing traditional convolutional neural networks and achieving new state-of-the-art. ViT divides an image into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yuang Liu , Zhiheng Qiu , Xiaokai Qin

Tensor computations, with matrix multiplication being the primary operation, serve as the fundamental basis for data analysis, physics, machine learning, and deep learning. As the scale and complexity of data continue to grow rapidly, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Qizhe Wu , Yuchen Gui , Zhichen Zeng , Xiaotian Wang , Huawen Liang , Xi Jin

Recent advances in self-supervised learning and the Transformer architecture have significantly improved natural language processing (NLP), achieving remarkably low perplexity. However, the growing size of NLP models introduces a memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Gunho Park , Baeseong Park , Minsub Kim , Sungjae Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , Beomseok Kwon , Se Jung Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Youngjoo Lee , Dongsoo Lee

Massive MIMO systems have the potential to significantly enhance spectral efficiency, yet their widespread integration is hindered by the high power consumption of the underlying computations. This paper explores the applicability and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Mikael Rinkinen , Mehdi Safarpour , Shahriar Shahabuddin , Olli Silven , Lauri Koskinen

Attention mechanisms have revolutionized sequence learning but suffer from quadratic computational complexity. This paper introduces \model, a novel recurrent neural network (RNN) mechanism that leverages the inherent low-rank structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Mahdi Karami , Razvan Pascanu , Vahab Mirrokni

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are becoming a promising technique in various domains due to their excellent capabilities in modeling non-Euclidean data. Although a spectrum of accelerators has been proposed to accelerate the inference of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Zeyu Zhu , Fanrong Li , Gang Li , Zejian Liu , Zitao Mo , Qinghao Hu , Xiaoyao Liang , Jian Cheng

FPGA accelerators for lightweight neural convolutional networks (LWCNNs) have recently attracted significant attention. Most existing LWCNN accelerators focus on single-Computing-Engine (CE) architecture with local optimization. However,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zhiyuan Zhao , Yihao Chen , Pengcheng Feng , Jixing Li , Gang Chen , Rongxuan Shen , Huaxiang Lu

Self-attention and transformers have been widely used in deep learning. Recent efforts have been devoted to incorporating transformer blocks into different neural architectures, including those with convolutions, leading to various visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yancheng Wang , Yingzhen Yang

As a result of the increasing demand for deep neural network (DNN)-based services, efforts to develop dedicated hardware accelerators for DNNs are growing rapidly. However,while accelerators with high performance and efficiency on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Sung Kim , Patrick Howe , Thierry Moreau , Armin Alaghi , Luis Ceze , Visvesh Sathe

This work presents a novel approach to configure 2T-nC ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) for performing single cell logic-in-memory operations, highlighting its advantages in energy-efficient computation over conventional DRAM-based approaches.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Rudra Biswas , Jiahui Duan , Shan Deng , Xuezhong Niu , Yixin Qin , Prapti Panigrahi , Varun Parekh , Rajiv Joshi , Kai Ni , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan

Transformers replace recurrence with a memory that grows with sequence length and self-attention that enables ad-hoc lookups over past tokens. Consequently, they lack an inherent incentive to compress history into compact latent states with…

In this work, we make \emph{systematic} optimizations of key encapsulation mechanisms (KEM) based on module learning-with-errors (MLWE), covering algorithmic design, fundamental operation of number-theoretic transform (NTT), approaches to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Shiyu Shen , Feng He , Zhichuang Liang , Yang Wang , Yunlei Zhao

Polynomial multiplication stands out as a highly demanding arithmetic process in the development of post-quantum cryptosystems. The importance of the number-theoretic transform (NTT) extends beyond post-quantum cryptosystems, proving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Kasra Ahmadi , Saeed Aghapour , Mehran Mozaffari Kermani , Reza Azarderakhsh