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A graph $G$ is called $(d_1,\dots,d_k)$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ sets $V_1,\dots,V_k$ such that $\Delta(\langle V_i\rangle_G)\leq d_i, i\in \{1,\dots, k\}$. If $d_1 = \dots = d_k = m$ we say that $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Alexandra Kolačkovská , Mária Maceková , Roman Soták , Diana Švecová

A proper edge coloring of a graph without any bichromatic cycles is said to be an acyclic edge coloring of the graph. The acyclic chromatic index of a graph $G$ denoted by $a'(G)$, is the minimum integer $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Nevil Anto , Manu Basavaraju , Shashanka Kulamarva

Local Irregularity Conjecture states that every simple connected graph, except special cacti, can be decomposed into at most three locally irregular graphs, i.e., graphs in which adjacent vertices have different degrees. The connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-13 Igor Grzelec , Alfréd Onderko , Mariusz Woźniak

A 2-distance k-coloring of a graph G is a mapping from V (G) to the set of colors {1,. .. , k} such that every two vertices at distance at most 2 receive distinct colors. The 2-distance chromatic number $\chi$ 2 (G) of G is then the mallest…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-03-01 Brahim Benmedjdoub , Eric Sopena , Isma Bouchemakh

Recently, Alon introduced the notion of an $H$-code for a graph $H$: a collection of graphs on vertex set $[n]$ is an $H$-code if it contains no two members whose symmetric difference is isomorphic to $H$. Let $D_{H}(n)$ denote the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Patrick Bennett , Emily Heath , Shira Zerbib

The distinguishing chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted $\chi_D(G)$, is the minimum number of colours in a proper vertex colouring of $G$ that is preserved by the identity automorphism only. Collins and Trenk proved that $\chi_D(G)\le…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Christoph Brause , Rafał Kalinowski , Monika Pilśniak , Ingo Schiemeyer

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has a vertex labeling with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. We say that a graph $G$ is $d$-distinguishing critical, if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

Given an edge-coloring of a simple graph, assign to every vertex $v$ a set $S_v$ comprised of the colors used on the edges incident to $v$. The $k$-intersection chromatic index of a graph is the minimum $t$ such that the edge set can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-11 M. Santana

A graph $G$ is called chromatic-choosable if $\chi(G)=ch(G)$. A natural problem is to determine the minimum number of vertices in a $k$-chromatic non-$k$-choosable graph. It was conjectured by Ohba, and proved by Noel, Reed and Wu that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-01 Jialu Zhu , Xuding Zhu

The \textit{$k$-weak-dynamic number} of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of colors we need to color the vertices of $G$ in such a way that each vertex $v$ of degree $d(v)$ sees at least $\rm{min}\{k,d(v)\}$ colors on its neighborhood. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-19 Caroline Accurso , Vitaliy Chernyshov , Leaha Hand , Sogol Jahanbekam , Paul Wenger

A coloring of the edges of a graph $G$ is strong if each color class is an induced matching of $G$. The strong chromatic index of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{s}^{\prime}(G)$, is the least number of colors in a strong edge coloring of $G$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-11 Michał Dębski , Jarosław Grytczuk , Małgorzata Śleszyńska-Nowak

In a strong edge-coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$, any two edges of distance at most $2$ get distinct colors. The strong chromatic index of $G$, denoted by $\chi_s'(G)$, is the minimum number of colors needed in a strong edge-coloring of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Runze Wang

A digraph is {\em $d$-dominating} if every set of at most $d$ vertices has a common out-neighbor. For all integers $d\geq 2$, let $f(d)$ be the smallest integer such that the vertices of every 2-edge-colored (finite or infinite) complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-26 Louis DeBiasio , András Gyárfás

Let G be a graph with n vertices, and let k be an integer dividing n. G is said to be strongly k-colorable if for every partition of V(G) into disjoint sets V_1 \cup ... \cup V_r, all of size exactly k, there exists a proper vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-15 Po-Shen Loh , Benny Sudakov

Let $G$ be a graph. For a given positive integer $d$, let $f_G(d)$ denote the largest integer $t$ such that in every coloring of the edges of $G$ with two colors there is a monochromatic subgraph with minimum degree at least $d$ and order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yair Caro , Raphael Yuster

For a positive integer $k$, a $k$-colouring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a mapping $c: V\rightarrow\{1,2,...,k\}$ such that $c(u)\neq c(v)$ whenever $uv\in E$. The Colouring problem is to decide, for a given $G$ and $k$, whether a $k$-colouring…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Petr A. Golovach , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma , Jian Song

A strong $k$-edge-coloring of a graph G is an edge-coloring with $k$ colors in which every color class is an induced matching. The strong chromatic index of $G$, denoted by $\chi'_{s}(G)$, is the minimum $k$ for which $G$ has a strong…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-11 Tianjiao Dai , Guanghui Wang , Donglei Yang , Gexin Yu

The dichromatic number $\chi(\vec{G})$ of a digraph $\vec{G}$ is the minimum number of colors needed to color the vertices $V(\vec{G})$ in such a way that no monochromatic directed cycle is obtained. In this note, for any $k\in \mathbb{N}$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-02 Arpan Sadhukhan

For integers k>0 and r>0, a conditional (k,r)-coloring of a graph G is a proper k-coloring of the vertices of G such that every vertex v of degree d(v) in G is adjacent to vertices with at least min{r,d(v)} different colors. The smallest…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-12-13 P. Venkata Subba Reddy , K. Viswanathan Iyer

Let $G=(V(G), E(G))$ be a graph with maximum degree $\Delta$. For a subset $M$ of $E(G)$, we denote by $G[V(M)]$ the subgraph of $G$ induced by the endvertices of edges in $M$. We call $M$ a semistrong matching if each edge of $M$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Yuquan Lin , Wensong Lin