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Heavy traffic analysis for load balancing policies has relied heavily on the condition of state-space collapse onto a single-dimensional line in previous works. In this paper, via Lyapunov-drift analysis, we rigorously prove that even under…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Xingyu Zhou , Jian Tan , Ness Shroff

We consider general large-scale service systems with multiple customer classes and multiple server (agent) pools, mean service times depend both on the customer class and server pool. It is assumed that the allowed activities (routing…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Alexander L. Stolyar , Elena Yudovina

We study the scheduling polices for asymptotically optimal delay in queueing systems with switching overhead. Such systems consist of a single server that serves multiple queues, and some capacity is lost whenever the server switches to…

Performance · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Ping-Chun Hsieh , I-Hong Hou , Xi Liu

We consider a load balancing model where a Poisson stream of jobs arrive at a system of many servers whose service time distribution possesses a finite second moment. A small fraction of arrivals pass through the so called power-of-choice…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Rami Atar , Gershon Wolansky

A Large Deviation Principle (LDP) is established for the stationary distribution of the number of customers in a many--server queue in heavy traffic for a moderate deviation scaling akin to the Halfin--Whitt regime. The interarrival and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-17 Anatolii A. Puhalskii

In cloud storage systems with a large number of servers, files are typically not stored in single servers. Instead, they are split, replicated (to ensure reliability in case of server malfunction) and stored in different servers. We analyze…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Avishek Ghosh , Kannan Ramchandran

We study the steady-state performance of parallel-server systems under an immediate routing architecture with two sources of heterogeneity: servers and job classes, subject to compatibility constraints. We focus on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Yaosheng Xu

The Join-the-Shortest-Queue (JSQ) load-balancing scheme is known to minimise the average delay of jobs in homogeneous systems consisting of identical servers. However, it performs poorly in heterogeneous systems where servers have different…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-04 Sanidhay Bhambay , Arpan Mukhopadhyay

We consider a system of N queues with decentralized load balancing such as power-of-D strategies(where D may depend on N) and generic scheduling disciplines. To measure the dependence of the queues, we use the clan of ancestors, a technique…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-17 Maria Clara Fittipaldi , Matthieu Jonckheere , Sergio I. Lopez

Stochastic service systems describe situations in which customers compete for service from scarce resources. Think of check-in lines at airports, waiting rooms in hospitals or queues in supermarkets, where the scarce resource is human…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-30 Britt W. J. Mathijsen

In this work, we study the stationary distribution of the scaled queue length vector process in multiclass queueing networks operating under static buffer priority service policies. We establish that when subjected to a multi-scale heavy…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-06 J. G. Dai , Dongyan Huo

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve inflated scores on multiple-choice tasks by exploiting inherent biases in option positions or labels, rather than demonstrating genuine understanding. This study introduces SCOPE, an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wonjun Jeong , Dongseok Kim , Taegkeun Whangbo

We consider a single-server queue where interarrival and service times depend linearly and randomly on customer waiting times, and establish a sample-path moderate deviation principle (MDP) for the waiting time process. The waiting times…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Chang Feng , John J. Hasenbein , Guodong Pang

We consider the problem of staffing large-scale service systems with multiple customer classes and multiple dedicated server pools under joint quality-of-service (QoS) constraints. We first analyze the case in which arrival rates are…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-04-25 Jing Zan , John J. Hasenbein , David P. Morton

Dynamic affinity load balancing of multi-type tasks on multi-skilled servers, when the service rate of each task type on each of the servers is known and can possibly be different from each other, is an open problem for over three decades.…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Ali Yekkehkhany , Rakesh Nagi

Load balancing and auto scaling are at the core of scalable, contemporary systems, addressing dynamic resource allocation and service rate adjustments in response to workload changes. This paper introduces a novel model and algorithms for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 S. R. Eshwar , Lucas Lopes Felipe , Alexandre Reiffers-Masson , Daniel Sadoc Menasché , Gugan Thoppe

This paper serves as a companion to "Asymptotic Product-form Steady-state for Multiclass Queueing Networks with SBP Service Policies in Multi-scale Heavy Traffic." In this short paper, we illustrate the main results of the main paper…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Jim Dai , Dongyan Huo

Load balancing arises as a fundamental problem, underlying the dimensioning and operation of many computing and communication systems, such as job routing in data center clusters, multipath communication, Big Data and queueing systems. In…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Anam Tahir , Bastian Alt , Amr Rizk , Heinz Koeppl

We study the large deviation behavior of a system of diffusing particles with a mean field interaction, described through a collection of stochastic differential equations, in which each particle is driven by a vanishing independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Amarjit Budhiraja , Michael Conroy

We consider large-scale service systems with multiple customer classes and multiple server pools; interarrival and service times are exponentially distributed, and mean service times depend both on the customer class and server pool. It is…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-05 Alexander Stolyar , Elena Yudovina