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Related papers: Guessing with Little Data

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It's the age-old recurrence with a twist: sum the last two terms and if the result is composite, divide by its smallest prime divisor to get the next term (e.g., 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 3, 7, ...). These sequences exhibit pseudo-random…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-06 Richard K. Guy , Tanya Khovanova , Julian Salazar

An inductive inference system for proving validity of formulas in the initial algebra $T_{\mathcal{E}}$ of an order-sorted equational theory $\mathcal{E}$ is presented. It has 20 inference rules, but only 9 of them require user interaction;…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jose Meseguer

In rule-based systems, goal-oriented computations correspond naturally to the possible ways that an observation may be explained. In some applications, we need to compute explanations for a series of observations with the same domain. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Fangzhen Lin , Jia-Huai You

We introduce a coinductive definition of infinitary term rewriting. The setup is surprisingly simple, and has in contrast to the usual definitions of infinitary rewriting, neither need for ordinals nor for metric convergence. While the idea…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-11 Joerg Endrullis , Helle Hvid Hansen , Dimitri Hendriks , Andrew Polonsky , Alexandra Silva

Reasoning under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in Artificial Intelligence. As with most of these challenges, there is a harsh dilemma between the expressive power of the language used, and the tractability of the computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Luise Ge , Brendan Juba , Kris Nilsson

In this paper we develop cyclic proof systems for the problem of inclusion between the least sets of models of mutually recursive predicates, when the ground constraints in the inductive definitions belong to the quantifier-free fragments…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Radu Iosif , Cristina Serban

We introduce an operational rewriting-based semantics for strictly positive nested higher-order (co)inductive types. The semantics takes into account the "limits" of infinite reduction sequences. This may be seen as a refinement and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Łukasz Czajka

Results about existence and uniqueness of solutions of initial value problem for certain types of partial differential equations are recalled as well as iterative scheme and an error estimate for approximate solutions obtained using this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-23 Josef Rebenda , Zdeněk Šmarda

Unifying probabilistic and logical learning is a key challenge in AI. We introduce a Bayesian inductive logic programming approach that learns minimum message length hypotheses from noisy data. Our approach balances hypothesis complexity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ruben Sharma , Sebastijan Dumančić , Ross D. King , Andrew Cropper

These lectures deal with the problem of inductive inference, that is, the problem of reasoning under conditions of incomplete information. Is there a general method for handling uncertainty? Or, at least, are there rules that could in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-09-08 Ariel Caticha

We study a new type of sequences whose elements are defined in terms of the position, sign and magnitude of another element of the sequence. The name ultra-recursive comes from the fact that these sequences possess terms that are generated…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-02-06 Óscar Andrés Ram. Ramírez

Logically constrained term rewriting is a relatively new rewriting formalism that naturally supports built-in data structures, such as integers and bit vectors. In the analysis of logically constrained term rewrite systems (LCTRSs),…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Kanta Takahata , Jonas Schöpf , Naoki Nishida , Takahito Aoto

In this methodological article on experimental-yet-rigorous enumerative combinatorics, we use two instructive case studies, to show that often, just like Alexander the Great before us, the simple, "cheating" solution to a hard problem is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Yukun Yao , Doron Zeilberger

The classical approach to inverse problems is based on the optimization of a misfit function. Despite its computational appeal, such an approach suffers from many shortcomings, e.g., non-uniqueness of solutions, modeling prior knowledge,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-22 Panagiotis Tsilifis , Ilias Bilionis , Ioannis Katsounaros , Nicholas Zabaras

Despite our familiarity with specific technologies, the origin of new technologies remains mysterious. Are new technologies made from scratch, or are they built up recursively from new combinations of existing technologies? To answer this,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-09 Thomas M. A. Fink , Ali Teimouri

Classical computations can not capture the essence of infinite computations very well. This paper will focus on a class of infinite computations called convergent infinite computations}. A logic for convergent infinite computations is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Wei Li , Shilong Ma , Yuefei Sui , Ke Xu

With the growth in experimental studies in education, policymakers and practitioners are interested in understanding not only what works, but for whom an intervention works. This interest in the generalizability of a study's findings has…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-02 Wendy Chan , Jimin Oh , Katherine J. Wilson

Grammatical inference is a classical problem in computational learning theory and a topic of wider influence in natural language processing. We treat grammars as a model of computation and propose a novel neural approach to induction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Peter Belcák , David Hofer , Roger Wattenhofer

Testing algorithms across a wide range of problem instances is crucial to ensure the validity of any claim about one algorithm's superiority over another. However, when it comes to inference algorithms for probabilistic logic programs,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Paulius Dilkas , Vaishak Belle

A common problem in the sciences is that a signal of interest is observed only indirectly, through smooth functionals of the signal whose values are then obscured by noise. In such inverse problems, the functionals dampen or entirely…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-04 Darren Homrighausen , Christopher R. Genovese