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Automated detection of anomalous trajectories is an important problem with considerable applications in intelligent transportation systems. Many existing studies have focused on distinguishing anomalous trajectories from normal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Tianle Ni , Jingwei Wang , Yunlong Ma , Shuang Wang , Min Liu , Weiming Shen

This paper describes the comprehensive safety framework that underpinned the development, release process, and regulatory approval of BMW's first SAE Level 3 Automated Driving System. The framework combines established qualitative and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Moritz Werling , Rainer Faller , Wolfgang Betz , Daniel Straub

We introduce ACCIDENT, a benchmark dataset for traffic accident detection in CCTV footage, designed to evaluate models in supervised (IID and OOD) and zero-shot settings, reflecting both data-rich and data-scarce scenarios. The benchmark…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lukas Picek , Michal Čermák , Marek Hanzl , Vojtěch Čermák

This paper proposes a scalable and interpretable framework for lane-wise highway traffic anomaly detection, leveraging multi-modal time series data extracted from surveillance cameras. Unlike traditional sensor-dependent methods, our…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-06 Mei Qiu , William Lorenz Reindl , Yaobin Chen , Stanley Chien , Shu Hu

Predicting human trajectories is a challenging task due to the complexity of pedestrian behavior, which is influenced by external factors such as the scene's topology and interactions with other pedestrians. A special challenge arises from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-31 Raphael Korbmacher , Huu-Tu Dang , Antoine Tordeux

The clustering of autonomous driving scenario data can substantially benefit the autonomous driving validation and simulation systems by improving the simulation tests' completeness and fidelity. This article proposes a comprehensive data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Jinxin Zhao , Jin Fang , Zhixian Ye , Liangjun Zhang

Automated Driving Systems (ADS) have made great achievements in recent years thanks to the efforts from both academia and industry. A typical ADS is composed of multiple modules, including sensing, perception, planning, and control, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Shuncheng Tang , Zhenya Zhang , Yi Zhang , Jixiang Zhou , Yan Guo , Shuang Liu , Shengjian Guo , Yan-Fu Li , Lei Ma , Yinxing Xue , Yang Liu

For a successful market launch of automated vehicles (AVs), proof of their safety is essential. Due to the open parameter space, an infinite number of traffic situations can occur, which makes the proof of safety an unsolved problem. With…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Thomas Ponn , Matthias Breitfuß , Xiao Yu , Frank Diermeyer

Map construction methods automatically produce and/or update road network datasets using vehicle tracking data. Enabled by the ubiquitous generation of georeferenced tracking data, there has been a recent surge in map construction…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-11-19 Mahmuda Ahmed , Sophia Karagiorgou , Dieter Pfoser , Carola Wenk

Evaluation methods for autonomous driving are crucial for algorithm optimization. However, due to the complexity of driving intelligence, there is currently no comprehensive evaluation method for the level of autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Shanhe You , Xuewen Luo , Xinhe Liang , Jiashu Yu , Chen Zheng , Jiangtao Gong

Traffic accidents are a threat to human lives, particularly pedestrians causing premature deaths. Therefore, it is necessary to devise systems to prevent accidents in advance and respond proactively, using potential risky situations as one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Byeongjoon Noh , Hansaem Park , Hwasoo Yeo

While several datasets for autonomous navigation have become available in recent years, they tend to focus on structured driving environments. This usually corresponds to well-delineated infrastructure such as lanes, a small number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Girish Varma , Anbumani Subramanian , Anoop Namboodiri , Manmohan Chandraker , C V Jawahar

Traffic signs are essential map features globally in the era of autonomous driving and smart cities. To develop accurate and robust algorithms for traffic sign detection and classification, a large-scale and diverse benchmark dataset is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Christian Ertler , Jerneja Mislej , Tobias Ollmann , Lorenzo Porzi , Gerhard Neuhold , Yubin Kuang

This paper presents a unified framework for the evaluation and optimization of autonomous vehicle trajectories, integrating formal safety, comfort, and efficiency criteria. An innovative geometric indicator, based on the analysis of safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Nouhed Naidja , Stéphane Font , Marc Revilloud , Guillaume Sandou

Research in the field of automated driving has created promising results in the last years. Some research groups have shown perception systems which are able to capture even complicated urban scenarios in great detail. Yet, what is often…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-15 Marcus Nolte , Marcel Rose , Torben Stolte , Markus Maurer

Trajectory anomaly detection is essential for identifying unusual and unexpected movement patterns in applications ranging from intelligent transportation systems to urban safety and fraud prevention. Existing methods only consider limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jonathan Kabala Mbuya , Dieter Pfoser , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Roadside perception systems are increasingly crucial in enhancing traffic safety and facilitating cooperative driving for autonomous vehicles. Despite rapid technological advancements, a major challenge persists for this newly arising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Rusheng Zhang , Depu Meng , Shengyin Shen , Tinghan Wang , Tai Karir , Michael Maile , Henry X. Liu

Along with the rapid progress of visual tracking, existing benchmarks become less informative due to redundancy of samples and weak discrimination between current trackers, making evaluations on all datasets extremely time-consuming. Thus,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Xin Li , Qiao Liu , Wenjie Pei , Qiuhong Shen , Yaowei Wang , Huchuan Lu , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Radar sensors play a crucial role for perception systems in automated driving but suffer from a high level of noise. In the past, this could be solved by strict filters, which remove most false positives at the expense of undetected…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Tim Brühl , Jenny Glönkler , Robin Schwager , Tin Stribor Sohn , Tim Dieter Eberhardt , Sören Hohmann

Detection of anomalous trajectories is an important problem with potential applications to various domains, such as video surveillance, risk assessment, vessel monitoring and high-energy physics. Modeling the distribution of trajectories…