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By taking full advantage of the dynamic property imposed by the detailed balance condition, we derive a new refined unified fluctuation theorem (FT) for general stochastic thermodynamic systems. This FT involves the joint probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-27 Zongping Gong , H. T. Quan

We study an arbitrary non-equilibrium dynamics of a quantum bipartite system coupled to a reservoir. For its characterization, we present a fluctuation theorem (FT) that explicitly addresses the quantum correlation of subsystems during the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-22 Jung Jun Park , Hyunchul Nha , Sang Wook Kim , Vlatko Vedral

In this study, we rederive the fluctuation theorems in presence of feedback, by assuming the known Jarzynski equality and detailed fluctuation theorems. We first reproduce the already known work theorems for a classical system, and then…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-30 Sourabh Lahiri , Shubhashis Rana , A. M. Jayannavar

A Fluctuation Theorem (FT), both Classical and Quantum, describes the large-deviations in the approach to equilibrium of an isolated quasi-integrable system. Two characteristics make it unusual: (i) it concerns the internal dynamics of an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-11-14 Tomer Goldfriend , Jorge Kurchan

We illustrate recent results concerning the validity of the work fluctuation theorem in open quantum systems [M. Campisi, P. Talkner, and P. H\"{a}nggi, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 102}, 210401 (2009)], by applying them to a solvable model of an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-14 Michele Campisi , Peter Talkner , Peter Hänggi

We study how Thomson's formulation of the second law: no work is extracted from an equilibrium ensemble by a cyclic process, emerges in the quantum situation through the averaging over fluctuations of work. The latter concept is carefully…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Time-integrated quantities such as work and heat increase incessantly in time during nonequilibrium processes near steady states. In the long-time limit, the average values of work and heat become asymptotically equivalent to each other,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-26 Kwangmoo Kim , Chulan Kwon , Hyunggyu Park

When a thermally isolated system performs a driving process in the quasistatic regime, its variation of average energy is equal to its quasistatic work. Even though presenting this simple definition, few attempts have been made to describe…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-17 Pierre Nazé

Thermodynamics constrains changes to the energy of a system, both deliberate and random, via its first and second laws. When the system is not in equilibrium, fluctuation theorems such as the Jarzynski equality further restrict the…

Quantum thermodynamics allows for the interconversion of quantum coherence and mechanical work. Quantum coherence is thus a potential physical resource for quantum machines. However, formulating a general nonequilibrium thermodynamics of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Franklin L. S. Rodrigues , Eric Lutz

Fluctuation Theorem(FT) has been studied as far from equilibrium theorem, which relates the symmetry of entropy production. To investigate the application of this theorem, especially to biological physics, we consider the FT for tilted…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Monnai

In open quantum systems, a clear distinction between work and heat is often challenging, and extending the quantum Jarzynski equality to systems evolving under general quantum channels beyond unitality remains an open problem in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-10 Akira Sone , Yi-Xiang Liu , Paola Cappellaro

In this review paper, we discuss the statistical description in non-equilibrium regimes of energy fluctuations originated by the interaction between a quantum system and a measurement apparatus applying a sequence of repeated quantum…

We reconsider a well-known relationship between the fluctuation theorem and the second law of thermodynamics by evaluating a probability measure-valued process. In order to establish a bridge between microscopic and macroscopic behaviors,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-19 Yuki Sughiyama , Masayuki Ohzeki

In quantum systems which satisfy the hypothesis of equal weights for eigenstates [4], the maximum work principle (for extremely slow and relatively fast operation) is derived by using quantum dynamics alone. This may be a crucial step in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hal Tasaki

Fluctuations associated with relaxations in far-from-equilibrium regime is of fundamental interest for a large variety of systems within broad scales. Recent advances in techniques such as spectroscopy have generated the possibility for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Zhedong Zhang , Xuanhua Wang , Jin Wang

Understanding and manipulating work fluctuations in microscale and nanoscale systems are of both fundamental and practical interest. For example, in considering the Jarzynski equality $\langle e^{-\beta W} \rangle=e^{-\beta \Delta F}$, a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-08-26 Gaoyang Xiao , Jiangbin Gong

The work fluctuations of an oscillator in contact with a thermostat and driven out of equilibrium by an external force are studied experimentally and theoretically within the context of Fluctuation Theorems (FTs). The oscillator dynamics is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frederic Douarche , Sylvain Joubaud , Nicolas B. Garnier , Artem Petrosyan , Sergio Ciliberto

We derive an integral fluctuation theorem (FT) in a general setup of cavity quantum electrodynamics systems. In the derivation, a key difficulty lies in a diverging behavior of entropy change arising from the zero-temperature limit of an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-19 Tatsuro Yuge , Makoto Yamaguchi

We present fluctuation theorems and moment generating function equalities for generalized thermodynamic observables and quantum dynamics described by completely positive trace preserving (CPTP) maps, with and without feedback control. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-01 Tameem Albash , Daniel A. Lidar , Milad Marvian , Paolo Zanardi