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Human learning thrives on the ability to learn from mistakes, adapt through feedback, and refine understanding-processes often missing in static machine learning models. In this work, we introduce Composite Learning Units (CLUs) designed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Santosh Kumar Radha , Oktay Goktas

Explainability techniques for data-driven predictive models based on artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms allow us to better understand the operation of such systems and help to hold them accountable. New transparency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Kacper Sokol , Alexander Hepburn , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Peter Flach

Researchers have been highly active to investigate the classical machine learning workflow and integrate best practices from the software engineering lifecycle. However, deep learning exhibits deviations that are not yet covered in this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Janosch Baltensperger , Pasquale Salza , Harald C. Gall

Humans learn to solve tasks of increasing complexity by building on top of previously acquired knowledge. Typically, there exists a natural progression in the tasks that we learn - most do not require completely independent solutions, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Seung Wook Kim , Makarand Tapaswi , Sanja Fidler

When explaining the decisions of deep neural networks, simple stories are tempting but dangerous. Especially in computer vision, the most popular explanation approaches give a false sense of comprehension to its users and provide an overly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Matthias Kirchler , Martin Graf , Marius Kloft , Christoph Lippert

Transfer learning has recently become the dominant paradigm of machine learning. Pre-trained models fine-tuned for downstream tasks achieve better performance with fewer labelled examples. Nonetheless, it remains unclear how to develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jonas Pfeiffer , Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulić , Edoardo Maria Ponti

Most efforts in interpretability in deep learning have focused on (1) extracting explanations of a specific downstream task in relation to the input features and (2) imposing constraints on the model, often at the expense of predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Marco Bertolini , Djork-Arné Clevert , Floriane Montanari

Continual learning refers to the capability of a machine learning model to learn and adapt to new information, without compromising its performance on previously learned tasks. Although several studies have investigated continual learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Jingrui Hou , Georgina Cosma , Axel Finke

Continual learning enables pre-trained generative vision-language models (VLMs) to incorporate knowledge from new tasks without retraining data from previous ones. Recent methods update a visual projector to translate visual information for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Hyundong Jin , Hyung Jin Chang , Eunwoo Kim

Recent years have seen a boom in interest in machine learning systems that can provide a human-understandable rationale for their predictions or decisions. However, exactly what kinds of explanation are truly human-interpretable remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Isaac Lage , Emily Chen , Jeffrey He , Menaka Narayanan , Been Kim , Sam Gershman , Finale Doshi-Velez

Incremental learning is the ability of systems to acquire knowledge over time, enabling their adaptation and generalization to novel tasks. It is a critical ability for intelligent, real-world systems, especially when data changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mladjan Jovanovic , Peter Voss

Neural networks are among the most accurate supervised learning methods in use today. However, their opacity makes them difficult to trust in critical applications, especially when conditions in training may differ from those in practice.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Andrew Slavin Ross

Interest in the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence has been growing for decades and has accelerated recently. As Artificial Intelligence models have become more complex, and often more opaque, with the incorporation of complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Shruthi Chari , Daniel M. Gruen , Oshani Seneviratne , Deborah L. McGuinness

Neural Module Networks (NMN) are a compelling method for visual question answering, enabling the translation of a question into a program consisting of a series of reasoning sub-tasks that are sequentially executed on the image to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Wafa Aissa , Marin Ferecatu , Michel Crucianu

The field of explainable natural language processing (NLP) has grown rapidly in recent years. The growing opacity of complex models calls for transparency and explanations of their decisions, which is crucial to understand their reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Mahdi Dhaini , Tobias Müller , Roksoliana Rabets , Gjergji Kasneci

Continual learning is essential for medical image classification systems to adapt to dynamically evolving clinical environments. The integration of multimodal information can significantly enhance continual learning of image classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jiantao Tan , Peixian Ma , Kanghao Chen , Zhiming Dai , Ruixuan Wang

Interpretability of deep neural networks (DNNs) is essential since it enables users to understand the overall strengths and weaknesses of the models, conveys an understanding of how the models will behave in the future, and how to diagnose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Bo Zhang

Artificial Intelligence techniques powered by deep neural nets have achieved much success in several application domains, most significantly and notably in the Computer Vision applications and Natural Language Processing tasks. Surpassing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Gargi Joshi , Rahee Walambe , Ketan Kotecha

Our objective is to detect anomalies in video while also automatically explaining the reason behind the detector's response. In a practical sense, explainability is crucial for this task as the required response to an anomaly depends on its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Stanislaw Szymanowicz , James Charles , Roberto Cipolla

Machine learning methods have been remarkably successful for a wide range of application areas in the extraction of essential information from data. An exciting and relatively recent development is the uptake of machine learning in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Ribana Roscher , Bastian Bohn , Marco F. Duarte , Jochen Garcke