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One of the key challenges in quantum information is coherently manipulating the quantum state. However, it is an outstanding question whether control can be realized with low error. Only gates from the Clifford group -- containing $\pi$,…

We develop a topological theory for fault-tolerant quantum computation in quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes. We show that there exist hidden simplicial or CW complex structures encoding the topological data for all qLDPC and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Guanyu Zhu

Magic state distillation and the Shor factoring algorithm make essential use of logical diagonal gates. We introduce a method of synthesizing CSS codes that realize a target logical diagonal gate at some level $l$ in the Clifford hierarchy.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-28 Jingzhen Hu , Qingzhong Liang , Robert Calderbank

This paper introduces a construction of quantum CSS codes from a tuple of component CSS codes and two collections of subsets. The resulting codes have parallelizable encoding and syndrome measurement circuits and built-in redundancy in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-23 Dimiter Ostrev

We present a discussion of the generalized Clifford group over non-cyclic finite abelian groups. These Clifford groups appear naturally in the theory of topological error correction and abelian anyon models. We demonstrate a generalized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Milo Moses , Jacek Horecki , Konrad Deka , Jan Tulowiecki

Clifford circuits -- i.e. circuits composed of only CNOT, Hadamard, and $\pi/4$ phase gates -- play a central role in the study of quantum computation. However, their computational power is limited: a well-known result of Gottesman and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-21 Adam Bouland , Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Dax Enshan Koh

We introduce a low-overhead approach for detecting errors in arbitrary Clifford circuits on arbitrary qubit connectivities. Our method is based on the framework of spacetime codes, and is particularly suited to near-term hardware since it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Simon Martiel , Ali Javadi-Abhari

Quantum LDPC codes promise significant reductions in physical qubit overhead compared with topological codes. However, many existing constructions for performing logical operations come with distance-dependent temporal overheads. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Nouédyn Baspin , Lucas Berent , Lawrence Z. Cohen

We present a topological approach to lifting a quantum CSS code. In previous work, we proposed lifting a CSS code by constructing covering spaces over its 2D simplicial complex representation, known as the Tanner cone-complex. This idea was…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Virgile Guemard

We study parallel fault-tolerant quantum computing for families of homological quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes defined on 3-manifolds with constant or almost-constant encoding rate. We derive generic formula for a transversal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Guanyu Zhu , Shehryar Sikander , Elia Portnoy , Andrew W. Cross , Benjamin J. Brown

We provide a careful analysis of the structure theorem for the $n$-qudit projective Clifford group and various encoding schemes for its elements. In particular, we derive formulas for evaluation, composition, and inversion. Our results…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Sam Winnick , Jennifer Paykin

Quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are an important class of quantum error correcting codes. In such codes, each qubit only affects a constant number of syndrome bits, and each syndrome bit only relies on some constant number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Nouédyn Baspin , Anirudh Krishna

Given a Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code, it is sometimes necessary to modify the code by adding an arbitrary number of physical qubits and parity checks. Motivations may include concatenating codes, embedding low-density parity check…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Andrew C. Yuan

We propose a new systematic construction of CSS-T codes from any given CSS code using a map $\phi$. When $\phi$ is the identity map $I$, we retrieve the construction of [1] and use it to prove the existence of asymptotically good binary…

Transversal gates on quantum error correction codes have been a promising approach for fault-tolerant quantum computing, but are limited by the Eastin-Knill no-go theorem. Existing solutions like gate teleportation and magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Yingkai Ouyang , Yumang Jing , Gavin K. Brennen

Applying single-qubit Clifford unitaries to a Pauli stabilizer code produces a Clifford-deformed variant whose stabilizers remain Pauli operators, but with locally rotated Pauli axes. Such deformations provide a simple way to tailor a fixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Jagannath Das , Sayandip Dhara , Pedro Medina , Arthur Pesah , Arpit Dua

IBM has made several quantum computers available to researchers around the world via cloud services. Two architectures with five qubits, one with 16, and one with 20 qubits are available to run experiments. The IBM architectures implement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Gerhard W. Dueck , Anirban Pathak , Md Mazder Rahman , Abhishek Shukla , Anindita Banerjee

We propose a new model of quantum computation comprised of low-weight measurement sequences that simultaneously encode logical information, enable error correction, and apply logical gates. These measurement sequences constitute a new class…

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising candidates for quantum error correcting codes as they might offer more resource-efficient alternatives to surface code architectures. In particular, bivariate bicycle codes have recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-06 Jens Niklas Eberhardt , Francisco Revson F. Pereira , Vincent Steffan

We propose an effective realization of the universal set of elementary quantum gates in solid state quantum computer based on macroscopic (or mesoscopic) resonance systems - multi-atomic coherent ensembles, squids or quantum dots in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-11 F. M. Ablayev , S. N. Andrianov , S. A. Moiseev , A. V. Vasiliev