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Phylogenetic networks are an extension of phylogenetic trees which are used to represent evolutionary histories in which reticulation events (such as recombination and hybridization) have occurred. A central question for such networks is…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-03-28 Andrew Francis , Vincent Moulton

The displayed tree phylogenetic network model is shown to sit as a natural submodel of the graphical model associated to a directed acyclic graph (DAG). This representation allows to derive a number of results about the displayed tree…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-01 Seth Sullivant

Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees, and have been introduced in order to describe evolution in the case of transfer of genetic material between coexisting species. There are many classes of phylogenetic networks, which can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-13 Mathilde Bouvel , Philippe Gambette , Marefatollah Mansouri

Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees in order to model reticulation events. Although the comparison of phylogenetic trees is well studied, and there are multiple ways to do it in an efficient way, the situation is much…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-21 Gabriel Cardona , Joan Carles Pons , Gerard Ribas , Tomás Martínez Coronado

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees allowing for the representation of non-treelike evolutionary events such as hybridization. Typically, such networks have been analyzed based on their `level', i.e. based on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-11 Mareike Fischer , Michelle Galla , Lina Herbst , Yangjing Long , Kristina Wicke

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees to leaf-labeled directed acyclic graphs that represent ancestral relationships between species whose past includes non-tree-like events such as hybridization and horizontal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Janosch Döcker , Simone Linz , Charles Semple

The evolution of molecular and phenotypic traits is commonly modelled using Markov processes along a phylogeny. This phylogeny can be a tree, or a network if it includes reticulations, representing events such as hybridization or admixture.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-28 Benjamin Teo , Paul Bastide , Cécile Ané

The ongoing explosion of genome sequence data is transforming how we reconstruct and understand the histories of biological systems. Across biological scales, from individual cells to populations and species, trees-based models provide a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-08 Yun Deng , Shing H. Zhan , Yulin Zhang , Chao Zhang , Bingjie Chen

Phylogenetic trees (i.e. evolutionary trees, additive trees or X-trees) play a key role in the processes of modeling and representing species evolution. Genome evolution of a given group of species is usually modeled by a species…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-03 Vladimir Makarenkov , Gayane S. Barseghyan , Nadia Tahiri

Tree-based networks are a class of phylogenetic networks that attempt to formally capture what is meant by "tree-like" evolution. A given non-tree-based phylogenetic network, however, might appear to be very close to being tree-based, or…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-17 Mareike Fischer , Andrew Francis

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of evolutionary trees that are used by biologists to represent the evolution of organisms which have undergone reticulate evolution. Essentially, a phylogenetic network is a directed acyclic graph…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-01 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , Eveline de Swart , Taoyang Wu

Galled trees are studied as a recombination model in theoretic population genetics. This class of phylogenetic networks has been generalized to tree-child networks, normal networks and tree-based networks by relaxing a structural condition.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-05 Louxin Zhang

Phylogenetic networks which are, as opposed to trees, suitable to describe processes like hybridization and horizontal gene transfer, play a substantial role in evolutionary research. However, while non-treelike events need to be taken into…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-06 Mareike Fischer , Tom Niklas Hamann , Kristina Wicke

Phylogenetic networks provide a means of describing the evolutionary history of sets of species believed to have undergone hybridization or gene flow during their evolution. The mutation process for a set of such species can be modeled as a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-23 Travis Barton , Elizabeth Gross , Colby Long , Joseph Rusinko

Molecular phylogeny has focused mainly on improving models for the reconstruction of gene trees based on sequence alignments. Yet, most phylogeneticists seek to reveal the history of species. Although the histories of genes and species are…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-11-05 Gergely J. Szöllosi , Eric Tannier , Vincent Daubin , Bastien Boussau

Phylogenetic trees and networks are leaf-labelled graphs that are used to describe evolutionary histories of species. The Tree Containment problem asks whether a given phylogenetic tree is embedded in a given phylogenetic network. Given a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2010-06-17 Leo van Iersel , Charles Semple , Mike Steel

Phylogenetic trees and networks are graphs used to model evolutionary relationships, with trees representing strictly branching histories and networks allowing for events in which lineages merge, called reticulation events. While the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-17 Martin Frohn , Niels Holtgrefe , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones , Steven Kelk

A phylogenetic network is a directed acyclic graph that visualises an evolutionary history containing so-called reticulations such as recombinations, hybridisations or lateral gene transfers. Here we consider the construction of a simplest…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-05-16 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk

Tree Containment is a fundamental problem in phylogenetics useful for verifying a proposed phylogenetic network, representing the evolutionary history of certain species. Tree Containment asks whether the given phylogenetic tree (for…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-14 Arkadiy Dushatskiy , Esther Julien , Leen Stougie , Leo van Iersel

Phylogenetic networks are a type of leaf-labelled, acyclic, directed graph used by biologists to represent the evolutionary history of species whose past includes reticulation events. A phylogenetic network is tree-child if each non-leaf…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Magnus Bordewich , Katharina T Huber , Vincent Moulton , Charles Semple