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Twists are defects that are used to encode and process quantum information in topological codes like surface and color codes. Color codes can host three basic types of twists viz., charge-permuting, color-permuting and domino twists. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Manoj G. Gowda

Spin qubits in semiconductor structures bring the promise of large-scale 2D integration, with the possibility to incorporate the control electronics on the same chip. In order to perform error correction on this platform, the characteristic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-10 Bence Hetényi , James R. Wootton

Many quantum technologies are now reaching a high level of maturity and control, and it is likely that the first demonstrations of suppression of naturally occurring quantum noise using small topological error correcting codes will soon be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Naomi H. Nickerson

Recent experimental advances have made it possible to implement logical multi-qubit transversal gates on surface codes in a multitude of platforms. A transversal controlled-NOT (tCNOT) gate on two surface codes introduces correlated errors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Kaavya Sahay , Yingjia Lin , Shilin Huang , Kenneth R. Brown , Shruti Puri

Product codes are a class of quantum error correcting codes built from two or more constituent codes. They have recently gained prominence for a breakthrough yielding quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes with favorable scaling of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Shuyu Zhang , Tzu-Chieh Wei , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn

Fault-tolerant quantum computation relies on scaling up quantum error correcting codes in order to suppress the error rate on the encoded quantum states. Topological codes, such as the surface code or color codes are leading candidates for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Pedro Parrado-Rodríguez , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

Encoding quantum information in a quantum error correction (QEC) code enhances protection against errors. Imperfection of quantum devices due to decoherence effects will limit the fidelity of quantum gate operations. In particular, neutral…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 J. J. Postema , S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

Encoding quantum information in a quantum error correction (QEC) code offers protection against decoherence and enhances the fidelity of qubits and gate operations. One of the fundamental challenges of QEC is to construct codes with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Jasper Johannes Postema , Servaas J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

We present a scalable architecture for fault-tolerant topological quantum computation using networks of voltage-controlled Majorana Cooper pair boxes, and topological color codes for error correction. Color codes have a set of transversal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-25 Daniel Litinski , Markus S. Kesselring , Jens Eisert , Felix von Oppen

A promising approach to overcome decoherence in quantum computing schemes is to perform active quantum error correction using topology. Topological subsystem codes incorporate both the benefits of topological and subsystem codes, allowing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-15 Ruben S. Andrist , H. Bombin , Helmut G. Katzgraber , M. A. Martin-Delgado

This paper introduces a construction of quantum CSS codes from a tuple of component CSS codes and two collections of subsets. The resulting codes have parallelizable encoding and syndrome measurement circuits and built-in redundancy in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-23 Dimiter Ostrev

The minimum weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoder is the standard decoding strategy for quantum surface codes. However, it suffers a harsh decrease in performance when subjected to biased or non-identical quantum noise. In this work, we…

Fracton topological phases have a large number of materialized symmetries that enforce a rigid structure on their excitations. Remarkably, we find that the symmetries of a quantum error-correcting code based on a fracton phase enable us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 Benjamin J. Brown , Dominic J. Williamson

The minimum-weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoder is a standard decoding strategy for surface codes, but its performance degrades considerably under biased noise. In this paper, a modified surface code, termed the XYZ planar code, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zhiwei Wang , Liqi Wang

We can design efficient quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes by tailoring them to our choice of quantum architecture. Useful tools for constructing such codes include Clifford deformations and appropriate gauge fixings of compass codes. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Julie A. Campos , Kenneth R. Brown

The following open problems, which concern a fundamental limit on coding properties of quantum codes with realistic physical constraints, are analyzed and partially answered here: (a) the upper bound on code distances of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-22 Beni Yoshida

The color code is both an interesting example of an exactly solved topologically ordered phase of matter and also among the most promising candidate models to realize fault-tolerant quantum computation with minimal resource overhead. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-25 Markus S. Kesselring , Fernando Pastawski , Jens Eisert , Benjamin J. Brown

Different choices of quantum error-correcting codes can reduce the demands on the physical hardware needed to build a quantum computer. To achieve the full potential of a code, we must develop practical decoding algorithms that can correct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Zohar Schwartzman-Nowik , Benjamin J. Brown

Topological quantum memory can protect information against local errors up to finite error thresholds. Such thresholds are usually determined based on the success of decoding algorithms rather than the intrinsic properties of the mixed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-12 Ruihua Fan , Yimu Bao , Ehud Altman , Ashvin Vishwanath

Near MDS (NMDS) codes are closely related to interesting objects in finite geometry and have nice applications in combinatorics and cryptography. But there are many unsolved problems about construction of NMDS codes. In this paper, by using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Shanqi Pang , Chaomeng Zhang , Mengqian Chen , Miaomiao Zhang