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We develop a formalism that allows us to describe Markov compacta with finite sets of diagrams that are building blocks of the entire sequence. This encodes complex, continuous spaces with discrete collections of combinatorial objects. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-11-23 G. C. Bell , A. Nagórko

We consider the problem of finding universal bounds of "isoperimetric" or "isodiametric" type on the spectral gap of the Laplacian on a metric graph with natural boundary conditions at the vertices, in terms of various analytical and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-24 James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Gabriela Malenova , Delio Mugnolo

We study bounds on the Riesz means of the mixed Steklov-Neumann and Steklov-Dirichlet eigenvalue problem on a bounded domain $\Omega$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$. The Steklov-Neumann eigenvalue problem is also called the sloshing problem. We obtain…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-07 Asma Hassannezhad , Ari Laptev

We study the problem of finding a maximum cardinality minimal separator of a graph. This problem is known to be NP-hard even for bipartite graphs. In this paper, we strengthen this hardness by showing that for planar bipartite graphs, the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Tesshu Hanaka , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yusuke Kobayashi , Tsuyoshi Yagita

Signed graphs have their edges labeled either as positive or negative. $\rho(M)$ denote the $M$-spectral radius of $\Sigma$, where $M=M(\Sigma)$ is a real symmetric graph matrix of $\Sigma$. Obviously,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Dan Li , Huiqiu Lin , Jixiang Meng

In this paper, we study the computational question of whether the Steklov spectrum of smooth simply connected planar domains can be approximated accurately by a boundary-only formulation based on harmonic conjugation. For the unit disk, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Jamie Swan , Mohamed M. S. Nasser , Harri Hakula , Matti Vuorinen

For a $k$-uniform hypergraph $F$ let $\textrm{ex}(n,F)$ be the maximum number of edges of a $k$-uniform $n$-vertex hypergraph $H$ which contains no copy of $F$. Determining or estimating $\textrm{ex}(n,F)$ is a classical and central problem…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-18 Christian Reiher

In this paper, we solve some constrained variational problems on perturbed lattice graphs $G$. The first problem addresses the existence of ground state normalized solutions to Schr\"odinger equations \begin{equation*} \left\{…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Weiqi Guan

For a given complex square matrix $A$ with constant row sum, we establish two new eigenvalue inclusion sets. Using these bounds, first we derive bounds for the second largest and smallest eigenvalues of adjacency matrices of $k$-regular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-27 Ranjit Mehatari , M. Rajesh Kannan

The notion of a contractible transformation on a graph was introduced by Ivashchenko as a means to study molecular spaces arising from digital topology and computer image analysis, and more recently has been applied to topological data…

In this paper, we give new, tight subexponential lower bounds for a number of graph embedding problems. We introduce two related combinatorial problems, which we call String Crafting and Orthogonal Vector crafting, and show that these…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Hans L. Bodlaender , Tom C. van der Zanden

The second-largest eigenvalue and second-smallest Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph are measures of its connectivity. These eigenvalues can be used to analyze the robustness, resilience, and synchronizability of networks, and are related to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-20 Aida Abiad , Boris Brimkov , Xavier Martinez-Rivera , O Suil , Jingmei Zhang

We study the computational complexity of several problems connected with finding a maximal distance-$k$ matching of minimum cardinality or minimum weight in a given graph. We introduce the class of $k$-equimatchable graphs which is an edge…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yury Kartynnik , Andrew Ryzhikov

We prove interlacing inequalities between spectral minimal energies of metric graphs built on Dirichlet and standard Laplacian eigenvalues, as recently introduced in [Kennedy et al, arXiv:2005.01126]. These inequalities, which involve the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Matthias Hofmann , James B. Kennedy

This paper deals with spectral graph theory issues related to questions of monotonicity and comparison of eigenvalues. We consider finite directed graphs with non symmetric edge weights and we introduce a special self-adjoint operator as…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-25 Marwa Balti

Let $F_s$ be the friendship graph obtained from $s$ triangles by sharing a common vertex. For fixed $s\ge 2$ and sufficiently large $n$, the $F_s$-free graphs of order $n$ which attain the maximal spectral radius was firstly characterized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Xiaocong He , Yongtao Li , Lihua Feng

For a compact, connected, orientable Riemannian manifold with $b$ boundary components, we obtain geometric lower bounds for the low Steklov eigenvalues, namely $\sigma_k$, $1\le k\le b-1$. Our results complement earlier results, which apply…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Tirumala Chakradhar , Bruno Colbois , Asma Hassannezhad

We investigate the Steklov eigenvalue problem in an exterior Euclidean domain. First, we present several formulations of this problem and establish the equivalences between them. Next, we examine various properties of the exterior Steklov…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Lukas Bundrock , Alexandre Girouard , Denis S. Grebenkov , Michael Levitin , Iosif Polterovich

We consider the problem of finding lower bounds on the I/O complexity of arbitrary computations in a two level memory hierarchy. Executions of complex computations can be formalized as an evaluation order over the underlying computation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Saachi Jain , Matei Zaharia

In this article, we study the mixed Steklov--Neumann eigenvalue problem on doubly connected domains. First, we show that among all doubly connected domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ of the form $B_{R_2}\setminus \overline{B_{R_1}}$, where $B_{R_1}$…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Sagar Basak , Gloria Paoli , Rossano Sannipoli , Sheela Verma