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Related papers: Transformer-based Approaches for Legal Text Proces…

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Pretrained transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results in many tasks and benchmarks recently. Many state-of-the-art Language Models (LMs), however, do not scale well above the threshold of 512 input tokens. In specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Joel Niklaus , Daniele Giofré

Constructing accurate and automatic solvers of math word problems has proven to be quite challenging. Prior attempts using machine learning have been trained on corpora specific to math word problems to produce arithmetic expressions in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Kaden Griffith , Jugal Kalita

We present a Transformer-based framework for Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). CSPs find use in many applications and thus accelerating their solution with machine learning is of wide interest. Most existing approaches rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yudong W. Xu , Wenhao Li , Scott Sanner , Elias B. Khalil

Pre-trained Transformers are challenging human performances in many NLP tasks. The massive datasets used for pre-training seem to be the key to their success on existing tasks. In this paper, we explore how a range of pre-trained Natural…

We discuss our experiments for COLIEE Task 1, a court case retrieval competition using cases from the Federal Court of Canada. During experiments on the training data we observe that passage level retrieval with rank fusion outperforms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Tobias Fink , Gabor Recski , Wojciech Kusa , Allan Hanbury

Developers frequently use APIs to implement certain functionalities, such as parsing Excel Files, reading and writing text files line by line, etc. Developers can greatly benefit from automatic API usage sequence generation based on natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Mohammad Abdul Hadi , Imam Nur Bani Yusuf , Ferdian Thung , Kien Gia Luong , Jiang Lingxiao , Fatemeh H. Fard , David Lo

Large language models with billions of parameters, such as GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and LLaMA, are increasingly prevalent. Numerous studies have explored effective prompting techniques to harness the power of these LLMs for various research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Hai-Long Nguyen , Duc-Minh Nguyen , Tan-Minh Nguyen , Ha-Thanh Nguyen , Thi-Hai-Yen Vuong , Ken Satoh

This tutorial demonstrates workflows to incorporate text data into actuarial classification and regression tasks. The main focus is on methods employing transformer-based models. A dataset of car accident descriptions with an average length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Andreas Troxler , Jürg Schelldorfer

The Transformer architecture is superior to RNN-based models in computational efficiency. Recently, GPT and BERT demonstrate the efficacy of Transformer models on various NLP tasks using pre-trained language models on large-scale corpora.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Chenguang Wang , Mu Li , Alexander J. Smola

Given the fact of a case, Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) involves a series of sub-tasks such as predicting violated law articles, charges and term of penalty. We propose leveraging a unified text-to-text Transformer for LJP, where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yunyun Huang , Xiaoyu Shen , Chuanyi Li , Jidong Ge , Bin Luo

Transformers are responsible for the vast majority of recent advances in natural language processing. The majority of practical natural language processing applications of these models are typically enabled through transfer learning. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Vladislav Mosin , Igor Samenko , Alexey Tikhonov , Borislav Kozlovskii , Ivan P. Yamshchikov

Transformer-based language models excel in NLP tasks, but fine-grained control remains challenging. This paper explores methods for manipulating transformer models through principled interventions at three levels: prompts, activations, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Faruk Alpay , Taylan Alpay

Transformer-based pre-trained models with millions of parameters require large storage. Recent approaches tackle this shortcoming by training adapters, but these approaches still require a relatively large number of parameters. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chin-Lun Fu , Zih-Ching Chen , Yun-Ru Lee , Hung-yi Lee

Transfer learning with large pretrained transformer-based language models like BERT has become a dominating approach for most NLP tasks. Simply fine-tuning those large language models on downstream tasks or combining it with task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Wenjuan Han , Bo Pang , Yingnian Wu

Contextual word representations derived from large-scale neural language models are successful across a diverse set of NLP tasks, suggesting that they encode useful and transferable features of language. To shed light on the linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Nelson F. Liu , Matt Gardner , Yonatan Belinkov , Matthew E. Peters , Noah A. Smith

The transformer-based pre-trained language models have been tremendously successful in most of the conventional NLP tasks. But they often struggle in those tasks where numerical understanding is required. Some possible reasons can be the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Kuntal Kumar Pal , Chitta Baral

In this article, we explore the potential of transformer-based language models (LMs) to correctly represent normative statements in the legal domain, taking tax law as our use case. In our experiment, we use a variety of LMs as bases for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Reto Gubelmann , Peter Hongler , Siegfried Handschuh

In the legal domain it is important to differentiate between words in general, and afterwards to link the occurrences of the same entities. The topic to solve these challenges is called Named-Entity Linking (NEL). Current supervised neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Ahmed Elnaggar , Robin Otto , Florian Matthes

This article provides an understanding of Natural Language Processing techniques in the framework of financial regulation, more specifically in order to perform semantic matching search between rules and policy when no dataset is available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Ixandra Achitouv , Dragos Gorduza , Antoine Jacquier

Semantic representation learning for sentences is an important and well-studied problem in NLP. The current trend for this task involves training a Transformer-based sentence encoder through a contrastive objective with text, i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Yiren Jian , Chongyang Gao , Soroush Vosoughi