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The backpropagation algorithm, or backprop, is a widely utilized optimization technique in deep learning. While there's growing evidence suggesting that models trained with backprop can accurately explain neuronal data, no backprop-like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Gananath R

In this paper we solve the problem: how to determine maximal allowable errors, possible for signals and parameters of each element of a network proceeding from the condition that the vector of output signals of the network should be…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-05-18 M. Yu. Senashova , A. N. Gorban , D. C. Wunsch

Neural networks trained with backpropagation, the standard algorithm of deep learning which uses weight transport, are easily fooled by existing gradient-based adversarial attacks. This class of attacks are based on certain small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Mohamed Akrout

Perforated Backpropagation is a neural network optimization technique based on modern understanding of the computational importance of dendrites within biological neurons. This paper explores further experiments from the original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rorry Brenner , Evan Davis , Rushi Chaudhari , Rowan Morse , Jingyao Chen , Xirui Liu , Zhaoyi You , Laurent Itti

The backpropagation algorithm, despite its widespread use in neural network learning, may not accurately emulate the human cortex's learning process. Alternative strategies, such as the Forward-Forward Algorithm (FFA), offer a closer match…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Desmond Y. M. Tang

Backpropagation is the pivotal algorithm underpinning the success of artificial neural networks, yet it has critical limitations such as biologically implausible backward locking and global error propagation. To circumvent these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 James Gong , Raymond Luo , Emma Wang , Leon Ge , Bruce Li , Felix Marattukalam , Waleed Abdulla

The Backpropagation algorithm relies on the abstraction of using a neural model that gets rid of the notion of time, since the input is mapped instantaneously to the output. In this paper, we claim that this abstraction of ignoring time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Alessandro Betti , Marco Gori

Given a set of observations generated by an optimization process, the goal of inverse optimization is to determine likely parameters of that process. We cast inverse optimization as a form of deep learning. Our method, called deep inverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Yingcong Tan , Andrew Delong , Daria Terekhov

The de facto algorithm for training the back pass of a feedforward neural network is backpropagation (BP). The use of almost-everywhere differentiable activation functions made it efficient and effective to propagate the gradient backwards…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-14 John Waldo

We present a simple linear regression based approach for learning the weights and biases of a neural network, as an alternative to standard gradient based backpropagation. The present work is exploratory in nature, and we restrict the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Harshad Khadilkar

Random backpropagation (RBP) is a variant of the backpropagation algorithm for training neural networks, where the transpose of the forward matrices are replaced by fixed random matrices in the calculation of the weight updates. It is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Pierre Baldi , Peter Sadowski , Zhiqin Lu

Unitary neural networks are promising alternatives for solving the exploding and vanishing activation/gradient problem without the need for explicit normalization that reduces the inference speed. However, they often require longer training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Hao-Yuan Chang

Backpropagation is the cornerstone of deep learning, but its reliance on symmetric weight transport and global synchronization makes it computationally expensive and biologically implausible. Feedback alignment offers a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jeonghwan Cheon , Jaehyuk Bae , Se-Bum Paik

Although backpropagation is widely accepted as a training algorithm for artificial neural networks, researchers are always looking for inspiration from the brain to find ways with potentially better performance. Forward-Forward is a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hossein Aghagolzadeh , Mehdi Ezoji

Training deep neural networks on large-scale datasets requires significant hardware resources whose costs (even on cloud platforms) put them out of reach of smaller organizations, groups, and individuals. Backpropagation, the workhorse for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Alexander Ororbia , Ankur Mali , Daniel Kifer , C. Lee Giles

Learning deeper convolutional neural networks becomes a tendency in recent years. However, many empirical evidences suggest that performance improvement cannot be gained by simply stacking more layers. In this paper, we consider the issue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Li Shen , Zhouchen Lin , Qingming Huang

Training a neural network using backpropagation algorithm requires passing error gradients sequentially through the network. The backward locking prevents us from updating network layers in parallel and fully leveraging the computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Zhouyuan Huo , Bin Gu , Heng Huang

We marry ideas from deep neural networks and approximate Bayesian inference to derive a generalised class of deep, directed generative models, endowed with a new algorithm for scalable inference and learning. Our algorithm introduces a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-02 Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Shakir Mohamed , Daan Wierstra

Neural networks are popular state-of-the-art models for many different tasks.They are often trained via back-propagation to find a value of the weights that correctly predicts the observed data. Although back-propagation has shown good…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-29 Simón Rodríguez Santana , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

In this work we unify a number of inference learning methods, that are proposed in the literature as alternative training algorithms to the ones based on regular error back-propagation. These inference learning methods were developed with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Christopher Zach