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This study addresses the rebalancing of empty modular transit pods between scheduled service trips in fixed-route bus systems. A two-stage hierarchical optimization framework is proposed. The first stage determines the minimum fleet size…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Tina Radvand , Alireza Talebpour , Yanfeng Ouyang

Recent studies and industry advancements indicate that modular vehicles (MVs) have the potential to enhance transportation systems through their ability to dock and split during a trip. Although various applications of MVs have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-17 Hang Zhou , Yang Li , Chengyuan Ma , Keke Long , Xiaopeng Li

In this study, we introduce a toll lane framework that optimizes the mixed flow of autonomous and high-occupancy vehicles on freeways, where human-driven and autonomous vehicles of varying commuter occupancy share a segment. Autonomous…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Ruolin Li , Philip N. Brown , Roberto Horowitz

This paper compares two prevalent charging strategies for electric vehicles, plug-in charging and battery swapping, to investigate which charging strategy is superior for electric autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems. To this end,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Jing Gao , Sen Li

Automated vehicle (AV) platooning has the potential to improve the safety, operational, and energy efficiency of surface transportation systems by limiting or eliminating human involvement in the driving tasks. The theoretical validity of…

Public transportation systems are experiencing an increase in commuter traffic. This increase underscores the need for resilience strategies to manage unexpected service disruptions, ensuring rapid and effective responses that minimize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Sara Jaber , Mostafa Ameli , S. M. Hassan Mahdavi , Neila Bhouri

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) has emerged as a transformative solution to alleviate urban congestion by utilizing low-altitude airspace, thereby reducing pressure on ground transportation networks. To enable truly efficient and seamless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Aoyu Pang , Maonan Wang , Zifan Sha , Wenwei Yue , Changle Li , Chung Shue Chen , Man-On Pun

Airport public transport systems are plagued by passenger queue congestion, imposing a substandard travel experience and unexpected delays. To address this issue, this paper proposes a bi-level programming for optimizing queueing network in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Hu Yiting , Luo Xiling , Bai Dongmei

Service reliability is critical to transit service delivery. This paper describes headway control pilots conducted in two high-ridership Chicago bus routes between 2022 and 2023. A decision support system was developed for a bus holding…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-11 Joseph Rodriguez , Haris N. Koutsopoulos , Jinhua Zhao

Currently, we are in an environment where the fraction of automated vehicles is negligibly small. We anticipate that this fraction will increase in coming decades before if ever, we have a fully automated transportation system. Motivated by…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Xi Liu , Ke Ma , P. R. Kumar

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) offer a promising solution to the challenges of mixed traffic with both CAVs and Human-Driven Vehicles (HDVs). A significant hurdle in such scenarios is traffic oscillation, or the "stop-and-go"…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Xianda Chen , PakHin Tiu , Yihuai Zhang , Xinhu Zheng , Meixin Zhu

Despite the advances in the autonomous driving domain, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are still inefficient and limited in terms of cooperating with each other or coordinating with vehicles operated by humans. A group of autonomous and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Behrad Toghi , Rodolfo Valiente , Dorsa Sadigh , Ramtin Pedarsani , Yaser P. Fallah

Platooning of vehicles with coordinated adaptive cruise control (CACC) capabilities is a promising technology with a strong potential for fuel savings and congestion mitigation. Although some researchers have studied the vehicle-level fuel…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-08 Xi Xiong , Teze Wang , Li Jin

Accurate forecasting of bus ridership (passengers numbers) is crucial for efficient management and optimization of public transport systems. Traditional forecasting models often fail to capture the unique and localized dynamics of different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Daniel Azenkot , Michael Fire , Eran Ben Elia

Existing intelligent driving technology often has a problem in balancing smooth driving and fast obstacle avoidance, especially when the vehicle is in a non-structural environment, and is prone to instability in emergency situations.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yitian Wang , Jun Lin , Liu Zhang , Tianhao Wang , Hao Xu , Guanyu Zhang , Yang Liu

This paper develops a unified modeling framework to capture the equilibrium-state interactions among ride-hailing companies, travelers, and traffic of mixed-autonomy transportation networks. Our framework integrates four interrelated…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-12 Jiaxin Hou , Kexin Wang , Ruolin Li , Jong-shi Pang

Aiming at solving the problem that the moving route is complicated and the scheduling is difficult in the routing buffer of the bus in the manufacturing workshop, a routing buffer mathematical programming model for bus manufacturing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Zhonghua Han , Jingyuan Zhang , Xiaoting Dong , Yuanwei Qi

The electrification and automation of mobility are reshaping how cities operate on-demand transport systems. Managing Electric Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand (EAMoD) fleets effectively requires coordinating dispatch, rebalancing, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Sten Elling Tingstad Jacobsen , Balázs Kulcsár , Anders Lindman

This study aims to propose an approach for spatiotemporal integration of bus transit, which enables users to change bus lines by paying a single fare. This could increase bus transit efficiency and, consequently, help to make this mode of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Júlio Borges , Altieris M. Peixoto , Thiago H. Silva , Anelise Munaretto , Ricardo Luders

Cooperative platooning, enabled by cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC), is a cornerstone technology for connected automated vehicles (CAVs), offering significant improvements in safety, comfort, and traffic efficiency over…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Zeyu Mu , Sergei S. Avedisov , Ahmadreza Moradipari , B. Brian Park
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