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With increasing game size, a problem of computational complexity arises. This is especially true in real world problems such as in social systems, where there is a significant population of players involved in the game, and the complexity…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Tatsuya Iwase , Takahiro Shiga

General Video Game Playing (GVGP) is a field of Artificial Intelligence where agents play a variety of real-time video games that are unknown in advance. This limits the use of domain-specific heuristics. Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Chiara F. Sironi , Torsten Schuster , Mark H. M. Winands

Promoting behavioural diversity is critical for solving games with non-transitive dynamics where strategic cycles exist, and there is no consistent winner (e.g., Rock-Paper-Scissors). Yet, there is a lack of rigorous treatment for defining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Nicolas Perez Nieves , Yaodong Yang , Oliver Slumbers , David Henry Mguni , Ying Wen , Jun Wang

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a powerful approach to designing game-playing bots or solving sequential decision problems. The method relies on intelligent tree search that balances exploration and exploitation. MCTS performs random…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Maciej Świechowski , Konrad Godlewski , Bartosz Sawicki , Jacek Mańdziuk

Evolutionary game theory is a common framework to study the evolution of cooperation, where it is usually assumed that the same game is played in all interactions. Here, we investigate a model where the game that is played by two…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-10-21 Marco A. Amaral , Jafferson K. L. da Silva , Lucas Wardil

We study strategic similarity of game positions in two-player extensive games of perfect information, by looking at the structure of their local game trees, with the aim of improving the performance of game playing agents in detecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Sabrina Evans , Paolo Turrini

In recent years, state-of-the-art game-playing agents often involve policies that are trained in self-playing processes where Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithms and trained policies iteratively improve each other. The strongest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Éric Piette , Matthew Stephenson , Cameron Browne

This paper describes a new algorithm for decision making in two-player real-time video games. As with Monte Carlo Tree Search, the algorithm can be used without heuristics and has been developed for use in general video game AI. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-07 Jialin Liu , Diego Pérez-Liébana , Simon M. Lucas

We propose a novel method applicable in many scene understanding problems that adapts the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithm, originally designed to learn to play games of high-state complexity. From a generated pool of proposals, our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Sinisa Stekovic , Mahdi Rad , Alireza Moradi , Friedrich Fraundorfer , Vincent Lepetit

In games like chess, strategy evolves dramatically across distinct phases - the opening, middlegame, and endgame each demand different forms of reasoning and decision-making. Yet, many modern chess engines rely on a single neural network to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Felix Helfenstein , Johannes Czech , Jannis Blüml , Max Eisel , Kristian Kersting

We contribute an analysis of situated visualizations in motion in video games for different types of data, with a focus on quantitative and categorical data representations. Video games convey a lot of data to players, to help them succeed…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Federica Bucchieri , Lijie Yao , Petra Isenberg

We introduce a search game for two players played on a "scenario" consisting of a ground set together with a collection of feasible partitions. This general setting allows us to obtain new characterisations of many width parameters such as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-06-23 Isolde Adler

Games often incorporate random elements in the form of dice or shuffled card decks. This randomness is a key contributor to the player experience and the variety of game situations encountered. There is a tension between a level of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 James Goodman , Diego Perez-Liebana , Simon Lucas

Games, including abstract board games, constitute a convenient ground to create, design, and improve new AI methods. In this field, Monte Carlo Tree Search is a popular algorithm family, aiming to build game trees and explore them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Florian Richoux

This article describes an application of three well-known statistical methods in the field of game-tree search: using a large number of classified Othello positions, feature weights for evaluation functions with a game-phase-independent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 M. Buro

In this study, we explore the efficiency of the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), a prominent decision-making algorithm renowned for its effectiveness in complex decision environments, contingent upon the volume of simulations conducted.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ye Zhang , Mengran Zhu , Kailin Gui , Jiayue Yu , Yong Hao , Haozhan Sun

This survey comprehensively reviews the multi-dimensionality of game scenario diversity, spotlighting the innovative use of procedural content generation and other fields as cornerstones for enriching player experiences through diverse game…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Yuchen Li , Ziqi Wang , Qingquan Zhang , Bo Yuan , Jialin Liu

Understanding the evolution of human social systems requires flexible formalisms for the emergence of institutions. Although game theory is normally used to model interactions individually, larger spaces of games can be helpful for modeling…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-08-12 Seth Frey , Curtis Atkisson

The landmark achievements of AlphaGo Zero have created great research interest into self-play in reinforcement learning. In self-play, Monte Carlo Tree Search is used to train a deep neural network, that is then used in tree searches.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Hui Wang , Michael Emmerich , Mike Preuss , Aske Plaat

This paper describes three different optimised implementations of playouts, as commonly used by game-playing algorithms such as Monte-Carlo Tree Search. Each of the optimised implementations is applicable only to specific sets of games,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Éric Piette , Matthew Stephenson , Cameron Browne