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Internet users increasingly rely on commercial virtual private network (VPN) services to protect their security and privacy. The VPN services route the client's traffic over an encrypted tunnel to a VPN gateway in the cloud. Thus, they hide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Thanh Bui , Siddharth Prakash Rao , Markku Antikainen , Tuomas Aura

How do commercial VPNs interact with IPv6? We show two "rough edges" in how commercial VPNs handle IPv6. First, we show that many IPv4-only VPNs leak IPv6 traffic to the ISP. Individual use VPNs in part to conceal their local IP addresses,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yejin Cho , John Heidemann

Virtual Private Network (VPN) solutions are used to connect private networks securely over the Internet. Besides their benefits in corporate environments, VPNs are also marketed to privacy-minded users to preserve their privacy, and to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Teemu Rytilahti , Thorsten Holz

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are widely used for censorship evasion and traffic protection. VPN users expect to be provided with adequate security protection, and at the same time not be affected by other users connected to the same VPN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuxiang Yang , Ao Wang , Xuewei Feng , Qi Li , Ke Xu

VPN adoption has seen steady growth over the past decade due to increased public awareness of privacy and surveillance threats. In response, certain governments are attempting to restrict VPN access by identifying connections using "dual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Diwen Xue , Reethika Ramesh , Arham Jain , Michalis Kallitsis , J. Alex Halderman , Jedidiah R. Crandall , Roya Ensafi

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) offer an alternative solution using Internet Protocol (IP) tunnels to create secure, encrypted communication between geographically distant networks using a common shared medium such as the Internet. They use…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Michael J. Hall

Many systems today rely heavily on virtual private network (VPN) technology to connect networks and protect their services on the Internet. While prior studies compare the performance of different implementations, they do not consider…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Fabio Streun , Joel Wanner , Adrian Perrig

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) provides private network connections over a publicly accessible shared network. The effective allocation of bandwidth for VPNs assumes significance in the present scenario due to varied traffic. Each VPN…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-02-08 Mahalakshmi Chidambara Natarajan , Ramaswamy Muthiah , Alamelu Nachiappan

As more users adopt VPNs for a variety of reasons, it is important to develop empirical knowledge of their needs and mental models of what a VPN offers. Moreover, studying VPN users alone is not enough because, by using a VPN, a user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Reethika Ramesh , Anjali Vyas , Roya Ensafi

IPv6 is being more and more adopted, in part to facilitate the millions of smart devices that have already been installed at home. Unfortunately, we find that the privacy of a substantial fraction of end-users is still at risk, despite the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Said Jawad Saidi , Oliver Gasser , Georgios Smaragdakis

Today Internet is experiencing a massive number of users with a continuously increasing need for data, which is the leading cause of introduced limitations among security and privacy issues. To overcome these limitations, a shift from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Enkeleda Bardhi , Mauro Conti , Riccardo Lazzeretti , Eleonora Losiouk

The introduction of the WebRTC API to modern browsers has brought about a new threat to user privacy. This API causes a range of client IP addresses to become available to a visited website via JavaScript even if a VPN is in use. This a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Nasser Mohammed Al-Fannah

Like most advances, wireless LAN poses both opportunities and risks. The evolution of wireless networking in recent years has raised many serious security issues. These security issues are of great concern for this technology as it is being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-01-04 Praveen Likhar , Ravi Shankar Yadav , Keshava Rao M

Distributed Virtual Private Networks (dVPNs) are new VPN solutions aiming to solve the trust-privacy concern of a VPN's central authority by leveraging a distributed architecture. In this paper, we first review the existing dVPN ecosystem…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Matteo Varvello , Iñigo Querejeta Azurmendi , Antonio Nappa , Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Goncalo Pestana , Ben Livshits

With the shift to working remotely after the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) around the world has nearly doubled. Therefore, measuring the traffic and security aspects of the VPN ecosystem is more important now…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Aniss Maghsoudlou , Lukas Vermeulen , Ingmar Poese , Oliver Gasser

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) helps to mitigate security and privacy risks of data transmitting on unsecured network such as public Wi-Fi. However, despite awareness of public Wi-Fi risks becoming increasingly common, the use of VPN when…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Nissy Sombatruang , Tan Omiya , Daisuke Miyamoto , M. Angela Sasse , Youki Kadobayashi , Michelle Baddeley

Nearly 70% of information security threats originate from inside an organization. Opportunities for insider threats have been increasing at an alarming rate with the latest trends of mobility (portable devices like Laptop, smart phones…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-10-14 Sugata Sanyal , Ajit Shelat , Amit Gupta

Modern cloud computing platforms based on virtual machine monitors carry a variety of complex business that present many network security vulnerabilities. At present, the traditional architecture employs a number of security devices at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-06 Jin He , Mianxiong Dong , Kaoru Ota , Minyu Fan , Guangwei Wang

Cloud computing is a new model of computing which provides scalability, flexibility and on-demand service. Virtualization is one of the main components of the cloud, but unfortunately, this technology suffers from many security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Zakaria El Mrabet , Hamid El Ghazi , Tayeb Sadiki , Hassan El Ghazi

Internet of Things (IoT) is a whole new ecosystem comprised of heterogeneous connected devices -i.e. computers, laptops, smart-phones and tablets as well as embedded devices and sensors-that communicate to deliver capabilities making our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Stavros Shiaeles , Nicholas Kolokotronis , Emanuele Bellini
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