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Large language model (LLM) generation often requires balancing output quality against inference cost, especially when using multiple generations. We introduce a new framework for inference-time optimization based on the classical Pandora's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yusuf Kalayci , Vinod Raman , Shaddin Dughmi

We present prior robust algorithms for a large class of resource allocation problems where requests arrive one-by-one (online), drawn independently from an unknown distribution at every step. We design a single algorithm that, for every…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Nikhil R. Devanur , Kamal Jain , Balasubramanian Sivan , Christopher A. Wilkens

In the online sorting problem, $n$ items are revealed one by one and have to be placed (immediately and irrevocably) into empty cells of a size-$n$ array. The goal is to minimize the sum of absolute differences between items in consecutive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Mikkel Abrahamsen , Ioana O. Bercea , Lorenzo Beretta , Jonas Klausen , László Kozma

We consider max-weighted matching with costs for learning the weights, modeled as a "Pandora's Box" on each endpoint of an edge. Each vertex has an initially-unknown value for being matched to a neighbor, and an algorithm must pay some cost…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Robin Bowers , Bo Waggoner

The Correlated Pandora's Problem posed by Chawla et al. (2020) generalizes the classical Pandora's Problem by allowing the numbers inside the Pandora's boxes to be correlated. It also generalizes the Min Sum Set Cover problem, and is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Nikhil Bansal , Zhiyi Huang , Zixuan Zhu

In this dissertation we study statistical and online learning problems from an optimization viewpoint.The dissertation is divided into two parts : I. We first consider the question of learnability for statistical learning problems in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-04-19 Karthik Sridharan

We provide algorithms that learn simple auctions whose revenue is approximately optimal in multi-item multi-bidder settings, for a wide range of valuations including unit-demand, additive, constrained additive, XOS, and subadditive. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Yang Cai , Constantinos Daskalakis

Pandora's problem is a fundamental model in economics that studies optimal search strategies under costly inspection. In this paper we initiate the study of Pandora's problem with combinatorial costs, capturing many real-life scenarios…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ben Berger , Tomer Ezra , Michal Feldman , Federico Fusco

A natural optimization model that formulates many online resource allocation and revenue management problems is the online linear program (LP) in which the constraint matrix is revealed column by column along with the corresponding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-10 Shipra Agrawal , Zizhuo Wang , Yinyu Ye

We study optimization algorithms for the finite sum problems frequently arising in machine learning applications. First, we propose novel variants of stochastic gradient descent with a variance reduction property that enables linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Jakub Konečný

We study the online bin packing problem under two stochastic settings. In the bin packing problem, we are given n items with sizes in (0,1] and the goal is to pack them into the minimum number of unit-sized bins. First, we study bin packing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Nikhil Ayyadevara , Rajni Dabas , Arindam Khan , K. V. N. Sreenivas

Bin packing is an algorithmic problem that arises in diverse applications such as remnant inventory systems, shipping logistics, and appointment scheduling. In its simplest variant, a sequence of $T$ items (e.g., orders for raw material,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Varun Gupta , Ana Radovanovic

We study the discrete bin covering problem where a multiset of items from a fixed set $S \subseteq (0,1]$ must be split into disjoint subsets while maximizing the number of subsets whose contents sum to at least $1$. We study the online…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Magnus Berg , Shahin Kamali

We consider an online matching problem with concave returns. This problem is a significant generalization of the Adwords allocation problem and has vast applications in online advertising. In this problem, a sequence of items arrive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-09 Xiao Alison Chen , Zizhuo Wang

We give a polynomial-time algorithm for OnlineSetCover with a competitive ratio of $O(\log mn)$ when the elements are revealed in random order, essentially matching the best possible offline bound of $O(\log n)$ and circumventing the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Anupam Gupta , Gregory Kehne , Roie Levin

In the online sorting problem, we have an array $A$ of $n$ cells, and receive a stream of $n$ items $x_1,\dots,x_n\in [0,1]$. When an item arrives, we need to immediately and irrevocably place it into an empty cell. The goal is to minimize…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yang Hu

The blessing of ubiquitous data also comes with a curse: the communication, storage, and labeling of massive, mostly redundant datasets. We seek to solve this problem at its core, collecting only valuable data and throwing out the rest via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Mariel Werner , Anastasios Angelopoulos , Stephen Bates , Michael I. Jordan

We consider search problems with nonobligatory inspection and single-item or combinatorial selection. A decision maker is presented with a number of items, each of which contains an unknown price, and can pay an inspection cost to observe…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Ziv Scully , Laura Doval

We study the problem of contextual search, a multidimensional generalization of binary search that captures many problems in contextual decision-making. In contextual search, a learner is trying to learn the value of a hidden vector $v \in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Renato Paes Leme , Jon Schneider

Martin Weitzman's "Pandora's problem" furnishes the mathematical basis for optimal search theory in economics. Nearly 40 years later, Laura Doval introduced a version of the problem in which the searcher is not obligated to pay the cost of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Hedyeh Beyhaghi , Robert Kleinberg