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Hyperdimensional computing (HD) is an emerging paradigm for machine learning based on the evidence that the brain computes on high-dimensional, distributed, representations of data. The main operation of HD is encoding, which transfers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Behnam Khaleghi , Sahand Salamat , Anthony Thomas , Fatemeh Asgarinejad , Yeseong Kim , Tajana Rosing

In the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems, edge devices often operate under strict constraints in memory, compute capability, and wireless bandwidth. These limitations challenge the deployment of advanced data analytics tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Nikita Zeulin , Olga Galinina , Nageen Himayat , Sergey Andreev

Brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is continuously gaining remarkable attention. It is a promising alternative to traditional machine-learning approaches due to its ability to learn from little data, lightweight implementation,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Simon Thomann , Paul R. Genssler , Hussam Amrouch

Hyperdimensional (HD) computing is a set of neurally inspired methods for obtaining high-dimensional, low-precision, distributed representations of data. These representations can be combined with simple, neurally plausible algorithms to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Anthony Thomas , Sanjoy Dasgupta , Tajana Rosing

Vector space models for symbolic processing that encode symbols by random vectors have been proposed in cognitive science and connectionist communities under the names Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA), and, synonymously, Hyperdimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 E. Paxon Frady , Denis Kleyko , Christopher J. Kymn , Bruno A. Olshausen , Friedrich T. Sommer

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC), utilizing a parallel computing paradigm and efficient learning algorithm, is well-suited for resource-constrained artificial intelligence (AI) applications, such as in edge devices. In-memory computing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yi Huang , Alireza Jaberi Rad , Qiangfei Xia

This paper studies the geometry of binary hyperdimensional computing (HDC), a computational scheme in which data are encoded using high-dimensional binary vectors. We establish a result about the similarity structure induced by the HDC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Saeid Pourmand , Wyatt D. Whiting , Alireza Aghasi , Nicholas F. Marshall

Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA) is emerging in machine learning due to its efficiency, but they are hindered by issues of hyperdimensionality and accuracy. As a promising mitigation, the Low-Dimensional Computing (LDC) method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shijin Duan , Yejia Liu , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Shaolei Ren , Xiaolin Xu

Machine learning based on neural networks has advanced rapidly, but the high energy consumption required for training and inference remains a major challenge. Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) offers a lightweight, brain-inspired alternative…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Wakuto Matsumi , Riaz-Ul-Haque Mian

Real-time, energy-efficient inference on edge devices is essential for graph classification across a range of applications. Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) is a brain-inspired computing paradigm that encodes input features into…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jebacyril Arockiaraj , Dhruv Parikh , Viktor Prasanna

Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) developed by Kanerva is a computational model for machine learning inspired by neuroscience. HDC exploits characteristics of biological neural systems such as high-dimensionality, randomness and a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Igor Nunes , Mike Heddes , Tony Givargis , Alexandru Nicolau , Alex Veidenbaum

Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) is an emerging computational framework that mimics important brain functions by operating over high-dimensional vectors, called hypervectors (HVs). In-memory computing implementations of HDC are desirable…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Arman Kazemi , Mohammad Mehdi Sharifi , Zhuowen Zou , Michael Niemier , X. Sharon Hu , Mohsen Imani

Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) represents data using extremely high-dimensional, low-precision vectors, termed hypervectors (HVs), and performs learning and inference through lightweight, noise-tolerant operations. However, the high…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Dhruv Parikh , Jebacyril Arockiaraj , Viktor Prasanna

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is a promising approach for energy-efficient edge machine learning (ML), where low latency, low power, and tight memory budgets are essential. However, traditional HDC relies on symbolic binding and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Sabrina Hassan Moon , Abu Kaisar Mohammad Masum , Sercan Aygun , Dayane Reis

HyperDimensional Computing (HDC) as a machine learning paradigm is highly interesting for applications involving continuous, semi-supervised learning for long-term monitoring. However, its accuracy is not yet on par with other Machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 William Andrew Simon , Una Pale , Tomas Teijeiro , David Atienza

Graph hyperdimensional computing (HDC) has emerged as a promising paradigm for cognitive tasks, emulating brain-like computation with high-dimensional vectors known as hypervectors. While HDC offers robustness and efficiency on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yezi Liu , William Youngwoo Chung , Yang Ni , Hanning Chen , Mohsen Imani

A significant challenge in quantum computing (QC) is developing learning models that truly align with quantum principles, as many current approaches are complex adaptations of classical frameworks. In this work, we introduce Quantum…

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (neuro-symbolic AI) excels in logical analysis and reasoning. Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC), a promising brain-inspired computational model, is integral to neuro-symbolic AI. Various HDC models have…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yifei Zhou , Xuchu Huang , Chenyu Ni , Min Zhou , Zheyu Yan , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo

The Internet of Things (IoT) has facilitated many applications utilizing edge-based machine learning (ML) methods to analyze locally collected data. Unfortunately, popular ML algorithms often require intensive computations beyond the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Junyao Wang , Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque

Brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an emerging machine learning (ML) methods. It is based on large vectors of binary or bipolar symbols and a few simple mathematical operations. The promise of HDC is a highly efficient…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Paul R. Genssler , Austin Vas , Hussam Amrouch