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The current generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes are allowing the sky to be probed with greater sensitivity than ever before in the energy range around and above 100 GeV. To minimise the systematic errors on derived fluxes…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Sam Nolan , Gerd Puehlhofer , Cameron Rulten

Arrays of imaging air Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) like VERITAS, HESS have been recently proposed as the instruments of the next generation for ground based very high energy gamma-ray astronomy invading into 50-100 GeV energy range. Here we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alexander K. Konopelko

The MAGIC telescopes are one of the three major IACTs (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes) for observation of gamma rays in the TeV regime currently operative. MAGIC functions since 2003, and has published data from more than 60…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-04 Michele Doro , Cosimo Nigro , Elisa Prandini , Andrea Tramacere , Manuel Delfino , Jordi Delgado , Elia do Souto , Lea Jouvin , Javier Rico

The current generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), including the H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS telescope arrays, have made substantial contributions to our knowledge about the structure and composition of the highly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-05-17 Henric Krawczynski

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-09 H. Abdalla , F. Aharonian , F. Ait Benkhali , E. O. Angüner , C. Arcaro , C. Armand , T. Armstrong , H. Ashkar , M. Backes , V. Baghmanyan , V. Barbosa Martins , A. Barnacka , M. Barnard , Y. Becherini , D. Berge , K. Bernlöhr , B. Bi , M. Böttcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , M. de Bony de Lavergne , M. Breuhaus , R. Brose , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , M. Büchele , T. Bulik , T. Bylund , S. Caroff , A. Carosi , T. Chand , S. Chandra , A. Chen , G. Cotter , M. Curyło , J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye , I. D. Davids , J. Davies , C. Deil , J. Devin , L. Dirson , A. Djannati-Ataï , A. Dmytriiev , A. Donath , V. Doroshenko , L. Dreyer , C. Duffy , J. Dyks , K. Egberts , F. Eichhorn , S. Einecke , G. Emery , J. -P. Ernenwein , K. Feijen , S. Fegan , A. Fiasson , G. Fichet de Clairfontaine , G. Fontaine , S. Funk , M. Füßling , S. Gabici , Y. A. Gallant , G. Giavitto , L. Giunti , D. Glawion , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , M. -H. Grondin , J. Hahn , M. Haupt , G. Hermann , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , C. Hoischen , T. L. Holch , M. Holler , M. Hörbe , D. Horns , D. Huber , M. Jamrozy , D. Jankowsky , F. Jankowsky , I. Jung-Richardt , E. Kasai , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzyński , U. Katz , D. Khangulyan , B. Khélifi , S. Klepser , W. Kluźniak , Nu. Komin , R. Konno , K. Kosack , D. Kostunin , M. Kreter , G. Lamanna , A. Lemière , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , F. Leuschner , C. Levy , T. Lohse , I. Lypova , J. Mackey , J. Majumdar , D. Malyshev , D. Malyshev , V. Marandon , P. Marchegiani , A. Marcowith , A. Mares , G. Martí-Devesa , R. Marx , G. Maurin , P. J. Meintjes , M. Meyer , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , L. Mohrmann , A. Montanari , C. Moore , P. Morris , E. Moulin , J. Muller , T. Murach , K. Nakashima , A. Nayerhoda , M. de Naurois , H. Ndiyavala , J. Niemiec , L. Oakes , P. O Brien , H. Odaka , S. Ohm , L. Olivera-Nieto , E. de Ona Wilhelmi , M. Ostrowski , S. Panny , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , G. Peron , B. Peyaud , Q. Piel , S. Pita , V. Poireau , A. Priyana Noel , D. A. Prokhorov , H. Prokoph , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , R. Rauth , P. Reichherzer , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , Q. Remy , M. Renaud , F. Rieger , L. Rinchiuso , C. Romoli , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , V. Sahakian , S. Sailer , H. Salzmann , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , M. Sasaki , J. Schäfer , F. Schüssler , H. M. Schutte , U. Schwanke , M. Seglar-Arroyo , M. Senniappan , A. S. Seyffert , N. Shafi , J. N. S. Shapopi , K. Shiningayamwe , R. Simoni , A. Sinha , H. Sol , A. Specovius , S. Spencer , M. Spir-Jacob , Ł. Stawarz , L. Sun , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , S. Steinmassl , C. Steppa , T. Takahashi , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , J. H. E. Thiersen , D. Tiziani , M. Tluczykont , L. Tomankova , C. Trichard , M. Tsirou , R. Tuffs , Y. Uchiyama , D. J. van der Walt , C. van Eldik , C. van Rensburg , B. van Soelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , P. Vincent , J. Vink , H. J. Völk , Z. Wadiasingh , S. J. Wagner , J. Watson , F. Werner , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , Yu Wun Wong , A. Yusafzai , M. Zacharias , R. Zanin , D. Zargaryan , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , S. J. Zhu , A. Zmija , J. Zorn , S. Zouari , N. Żywucka , A. Albert , R. Alfaro , C. Alvarez , J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez , K. P. Arunbabu , D. Avila Rojas , V. Baghmanyan , E. Belmont-Moreno , S. Y. BenZvi , C. Brisbois , K. S. Caballero-Mora , T. Capistrán , A. Carramiñana , S. Casanova , U. Cotti , J. Cotzomi , S. Coutiño de León , E. De la Fuente , C. de León , R. Diaz Hernandez , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , B. L. Dingus , M. A. DuVernois , M. Durocher , R. W. Ellsworth , K. Engel , C. Espinoza , K. L. Fan , M. Fernández Alonso , N. Fraija , A. Galván-Gámez , D. Garcia , J. A. García-González , F. Garfias , G. Giacinti , M. M. González , J. A. Goodman , J. P. Harding , S. Hernandez , B. Hona , D. Huang , F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla , P. Hüntemeyer , A. Iriarte , A. Jardin-Blicq , V. Joshi , D. Kieda , W. H. Lee , H. León Vargas , J. T. Linnemann , A. L. Longinotti , G. Luis-Raya , R. López-Coto , K. Malone , O. Martinez , I. Martinez-Castellanos , J. Martínez-Castro , J. A. Matthews , P. Miranda-Romagnoli , J. A. Morales-Soto , E. Moreno , M. Mostafá , A. Nayerhoda , L. Nellen , M. Newbold , M. U. Nisa , R. Noriega-Papaqui , N. Omodei , A. Peisker , Y. Pérez Araujo , E. G. Pérez-Pérez , C. D. Rho , D. Rosa-González , E. Ruiz-Velasco , F. Salesa Greus , A. Sandoval , M. Schneider , H. Schoorlemmer , J. Serna-Franco , A. J. Smith , R. W. Springer , P. Surajbali , K. Tollefson , I. Torres , R. Torres-Escobedo , R. Turner , F. Ureña-Mena , L. Villaseñor , T. Weisgarber , E. Willox , H. Zhou

For the analysis of data taken by Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), a large number of air shower simulations are needed to derive the instrument response. The simulations are very complex, involving computational and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-12 Christian Elflein , Stefan Funk , Jonas Glombitza

In gamma-ray astronomy, a variety of data formats and proprietary software have been traditionally used, often developed for one specific mission or experiment. Especially for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs),…

Variable emission is one of the defining characteristic of active galactic nuclei (AGN). While providing precious information on the nature and physics of the sources, variability is often challenging to observe with time- and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-08 Matteo Giomi , Lucie Gerard , Gernot Maier

The Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov technique allows to detect very high energy gamma rays from few tens of GeV to hundreds of TeV using ground-based instrumentation. At these energies a gamma ray generates a shower of secondary particles…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-13 Juan Cortina , Carlos Delgado

We propose Fourier transform (FT) method for processing images of extensive air showers (EAS) detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT) used in the very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. The method is based on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Atoyan , J. Patera , V. Sahakian , A. Akpherjanian

In recent years, imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) have emerged as promising platforms for optical interferometry through the use of intensity interferometry. IACTs combine large segmented mirrors, photodetectors with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-21 Juan Cortina , Alejo Cifuentes-Santos , Tarek Hassan , Fernando Frias

For studying variable sources like blazars, it is crucial to achieve unbiased monitoring, either with dedicated telescopes in pointing mode or survey instruments. At TeV energies, the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory…

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) allow us to observe Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) in the 100 GeV to 20 TeV energy range with high sensitivity. The TeV gamma-ray observations of the nine blazars detected so far in this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Henric Krawczynski

Many atmospheric and climatic criteria have to be taken into account for the selection of a suitable site for the next generation of imaging air-shower Cherenkov telescopes, the "Cherenkov Telescope Array" CTA. Such data are not available…

Blazars and in particular the subclass of high synchrotron peaked Active Galactic Nuclei are among the main targets for the present generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) and will remain of great importance for very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 G. Chiaro , M. Meyer , M. Di Mauro , D. Salvetti , G. La Mura , D. J. Thompson

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) currently in operation feature large mirrors and order of 1 ns time response to signals of a few photo-electrons produced by optical photons. This means that they are ideally suited for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-15 V. A. Acciari , M. I. Bernardos , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , C. Delgado , C. Diaz , D. Fink , M. Mariotti , S. Mangano , R. Mirzoyan , M. Polo , T. Schweizer , M. Will

Analyses of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) data for extended $\gamma$-ray sources face the issue that the field of view does not offer sufficient regions for background estimations. In cases where the source angular size…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-18 Ruo-Yu Shang , Karl Kosack , Brian Humensky

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation observatory employing different types of Cherenkov telescopes for the detection of particle showers initiated by very-high-energy gamma rays. A good knowledge of the Earth's…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-22 Stanislav Stefanik , Raquel de los Reyes , Dalibor Nosek

Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detect the Cherenkov light flashes of Extended Air Showers (EAS) triggered by very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays impinging on the Earth's atmosphere. Due to the overwhelming background from hadron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-06 S. C. Commichau , A. Biland , D. Kranich , R. de los Reyes , A. Moralejo , D. Sobczynska

Three different analysis techniques for Atmospheric Imaging System are presented. The classical Hillas parameters based technique is shown to be robust and efficient, but more elaborate techniques can improve the sensitivity of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mathieu de Naurois