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Non-Markovian noise presents a particularly relevant challenge in understanding and combating decoherence in quantum computers, yet is challenging to capture in terms of simple models. Here we show that a simple phenomenological dynamical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Haimeng Zhang , Bibek Pokharel , E. M. Levenson-Falk , Daniel Lidar

A universal fault-tolerant quantum computer holds the promise to speed up computational problems that are otherwise intractable on classical computers; however, for the next decade or so, our access is restricted to noisy intermediate-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Archismita Dalal , Amara Katabarwa

The public access to noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers facilitated by IBM, Rigetti, D-Wave, etc., has propelled the development of quantum applications that may offer quantum supremacy in the future large-scale quantum…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Today's Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers have scientific value, but quantum machines with broad practical value must be protected against noise using quantum error correction and fault-tolerant protocols. Recent studies of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 John Preskill

Quantum computation has been growing rapidly in both theory and experiments. In particular, quantum computing devices with a large number of qubits have been developed by IBM, Google, IonQ, and others. The current quantum computing devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Rishabh Gupta , Rongxin Xia , Raphael D. Levine , Sabre Kais

The emergence of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers has important consequences for cryptographic algorithms. It is theoretically well-established that key algorithms used in cybersecurity are vulnerable to quantum computers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Sahay Harshvardhan , Sanil Jain , James E. McClure , Caleb McIrvin , Ngoc Quy Tran

It is by now well established that noise itself can be useful for performing quantum information processing tasks. We present results which show how one can effectively reduce the error rate associated with a noisy quantum channel, by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Jeffrey Marshall , Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Paolo Zanardi

Significant challenges remain with the development of macroscopic quantum computing, hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling, software problems of error correction, and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-05 James E. Steck , Nathan L. Thompson , Elizabeth C. Behrman

This manuscript explores a variational quantum formulation for nonlinear elasticity problems arising from hyperelastic material models, targeting near term noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The approach leverages the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Uditnarayan Kouskiya , Caglar Oskay

Quantum algorithms on the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices are expected to simulate quantum systems that are classically intractable to demonstrate quantum advantages. However, the non-negligible gate error on the NISQ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-06 Joseph C. Aulicino , Trevor Keen , Bo Peng

The recently developed Projective Quantum Eigensolver (PQE) has been demonstrated as an elegant methodology to compute the ground state energy of molecular systems in Noisy Intermdiate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. The iterative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Sonaldeep Halder , Chayan Patra , Dibyendu Mondal , Rahul Maitra

Quantum systems can be exploited for disruptive technologies but in practice quantum features are fragile due to noisy environments. Quantum coherence, a fundamental such feature, is a basis-dependent property that is known to exhibit a…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) has been proposed as an alternative method of quantum error correction to compensate errors in quantum systems without qubit overhead. While Markovian gate errors on digital quantum computers have been mainly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-09 Hideaki Hakoshima , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Suguru Endo

Conventional computers have evolved to device components that demonstrate failure rates of 1e-17 or less, while current quantum computing devices typically exhibit error rates of 1e-2 or greater. This raises concerns about the reliability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Samudra Dasgupta , Travis S. Humble

Extracting energy spectra from quantum Hamiltonians is a fundamental task for quantum simulation, yet remains challenging on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. We propose Measured Quantum Time Evolution (MQTE), an ancilla-free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Qing-Xing Xie , Yong-Kang Duan , Fa-Hui Liu , Yan Zhao

In the current era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) technology, quantum devices present new avenues for addressing complex, real-world challenges including potentially NP-hard optimization problems. Acknowledging the fact that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Krzysztof Domino , Emery Doucet , Reece Robertson , Bartłomiej Gardas , Sebastian Deffner

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices impose dual challenges on quantum circuit execution: limited qubit connectivity requires extensive SWAP-gate routing, while time-dependent decoherence progressively degrades quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Yifei Huang , Pascal Jahan Elahi , Ugo Varetto , Kan He , Jinchuan Hou , Shusen Liu

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are promising methods for solving combinatorial optimization problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, benchmarking VQAs is difficult due to their stochastic behavior and the…

Quantum computers have rapidly improved in scale and fidelity, yet access to large systems remains limited for most researchers. This makes accurate and scalable noisy quantum simulation essential. While density matrix simulation provides…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Siddharth Dangwal , Tina Oberoi , Ajay Sailopal , Dhirpal Shah , Frederic T. Chong