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We formally specified the type system and operational semantics of LOOPw with Ott and Isabelle/HOL proof assistant. Moreover, both the type system and the semantics of LOOPw have been tested using Isabelle/HOL program extraction facility…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-10-07 Tristan Crolard , Emmanuel Polonowski

LLMs can generate hardware descriptions from natural language specifications, but the resulting Verilog often contains width mismatches, combinational loops, and incomplete case logic that pass syntax checks yet fail in synthesis or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jing Xiong , Qi Han , Chenchen Ding , He Xiao , Zunhai Su , Chaofan Tao , Ngai Wong

Recent advances in large language models have improved code generation, but their use in hardware description languages is still limited. Moreover, training data and testbenches for these models are often scarce. This paper presents a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Mu-Chi Chen , Po-Hsuan Huang , Yu-Hung Kao , Yen-Fu Liu , Yu-Kai Hung , Cheng Liang , Shao-Chun Ho , Chia-Heng Tu , Shih-Hao Hung

Recent advancements in code generation have shown remarkable success across software domains, yet hardware description languages (HDLs) such as Verilog remain underexplored due to their concurrency semantics, syntactic rigidity, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Fu Teng , Miao Pan , Xuhong Zhang , Zhezhi He , Yiyao Yang , Xinyi Chai , Mengnan Qi , Liqiang Lu , Jianwei Yin

Interactive theorem provers have developed dramatically over the past four decades, from primitive beginnings to today's powerful systems. Here, we focus on Isabelle/HOL and its distinctive strengths. They include automatic proof search,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Lawrence C. Paulson , Tobias Nipkow , Makarius Wenzel

We present a small, formal language for specifying the behavior of simple console I/O programs. The design is driven by the concrete application case of testing interactive Haskell programs written by students. Specifications are…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Oliver Westphal , Janis Voigtländer

Domain-specific languages (DSLs) play an increasingly important role in the generation of high performing software. They allow the user to exploit specific knowledge encoded in the constructs for the generation of code adapted to a…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Pramod Kumbhar , Omar Awile , Liam Keegan , Jorge Blanco Alonso , James King , Michael Hines , Felix Schürmann

While a wide range of different, sometimes heterogeneous test coverage criteria have been proposed, there exists no generic formalism to describe them, and available test automation tools usually support only a small subset of them. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-01-20 Sébastien Bardin , Mickaël Delahaye , Nikolai Kosmatov , Michaël Marcozzi , Virgile Prevosto

Explanations for description logic (DL) entailments provide important support for the maintenance of large ontologies. The "justifications" usually employed for this purpose in ontology editors pinpoint the parts of the ontology responsible…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Christian Alrabbaa , Franz Baader , Stefan Borgwardt , Raimund Dachselt , Patrick Koopmann , Julián Méndez

We report on the implementation of a certified compiler for a high-level hardware description language (HDL) called Fe-Si (FEatherweight SynthesIs). Fe-Si is a simplified version of Bluespec, an HDL based on a notion of guarded atomic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-11-08 Thomas Braibant , Adam Chlipala

The generation of Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code is a crucial yet labor-intensive step in digital hardware design, traditionally requiring engineers to manually translate complex specifications into thousands of lines of synthesizable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hanqi Lyu , Di Huang , Yaoyu Zhu , Kangcheng Liu , Bohan Dou , Chongxiao Li , Pengwei Jin , Shuyao Cheng , Rui Zhang , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Xing Hu , Yunji Chen

Transferring composite data structures with variable-length fields often requires designing non-trivial protocols that are not compatible between hardware designs. When each project designs its own data format and protocols the ability to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Yongding Tian , Zaid Al-Ars , Peter Hofstee

Despite the transformative potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in hardware design, a comprehensive evaluation of their capabilities in design verification remains underexplored. Current efforts predominantly focus on RTL generation…

Implementing an application on a FPGA remains a difficult, non-intuitive task that often requires hardware design expertise in a hardware description language (HDL). High-level synthesis (HLS) raises the design abstraction from HDL to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-08-26 Janarbek Matai , Dustin Richmond , Dajung Lee , Ryan Kastner

Hardware design faces a fundamental challenge: raising abstraction to improve productivity while maintaining control over low-level details like cycle accuracy. Traditional RTL design in languages like SystemVerilog composes modules through…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Youwei Xiao , Zizhang Luo , Weijie Peng , Yuyang Zou , Yun Liang

We reverse-engineer a formal semantics of the Component Definition Language (CDL), which is part of the highly configurable, embedded operating system eCos. This work provides the basis for an analysis and comparison of the two…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Thorsten Berger , Steven She

The increasing size and complexity of machine learning (ML) models have driven the growing need for custom hardware accelerators capable of efficiently supporting ML workloads. However, the design of such accelerators remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Raymond Baartmans , Andrew Ensinger , Victor Agostinelli , Lizhong Chen

Choosing hardware for theorem proving is no simple task: automated provers are highly complex and optimized programs, often utilizing a parallel computation model, and there is little prior research on the hardware impact on prover…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Fabian Huch , Vincent Bode

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance in programming tasks, LLM-driven coding systems have evolved from one-shot code generation into complex systems capable of iterative improvement during inference. However, existing code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Wentao Zhang , Jianfeng Wang , Liheng Liang , Yilei Zhao , HaiBin Wen , Zhe Zhao

We present an automated verification of the well-known modal logic cube in Isabelle/HOL, in which we prove the inclusion relations between the cube's logics using automated reasoning tools. Prior work addresses this problem but without…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-08-03 Christoph Benzmüller , Maximilian Claus , Nik Sultana