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Pre-trained language models have achieved huge success on a wide range of NLP tasks. However, contextual representations from pre-trained models contain entangled semantic and syntactic information, and therefore cannot be directly used to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 James Y. Huang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Kai-Wei Chang

We propose a novel data augmentation method for labeled sentences called conditional BERT contextual augmentation. Data augmentation methods are often applied to prevent overfitting and improve generalization of deep neural network models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Xing Wu , Shangwen Lv , Liangjun Zang , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

The ubiquity of the contemporary language understanding tasks gives relevance to the development of generalized, yet highly efficient models that utilize all knowledge, provided by the data source. In this work, we present SocialBERT - the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ilia Karpov , Nick Kartashev

Learning effective representations of sentences is one of the core missions of natural language understanding. Existing models either train on a vast amount of text, or require costly, manually curated sentence relation datasets. We show…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Allen Nie , Erin D. Bennett , Noah D. Goodman

A semantic equivalence assessment is defined as a task that assesses semantic equivalence in a sentence pair by binary judgment (i.e., paraphrase identification) or grading (i.e., semantic textual similarity measurement). It constitutes a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Yuki Arase , Junichi Tsujii

With the recent influx of bidirectional contextualized transformer language models in the NLP, it becomes a necessity to have a systematic comparative study of these models on variety of datasets. Also, the performance of these language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Mayank Chhipa , Hrushikesh Mahesh Vazurkar , Abhijeet Kumar , Mridul Mishra

Models based on large-pretrained language models, such as S(entence)BERT, provide effective and efficient sentence embeddings that show high correlation to human similarity ratings, but lack interpretability. On the other hand, graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Juri Opitz , Anette Frank

Large pre-trained language models such as BERT have been the driving force behind recent improvements across many NLP tasks. However, BERT is only trained to predict missing words - either behind masks or in the next sentence - and has no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Nicole Peinelt , Marek Rei , Maria Liakata

Training deep learning models with limited labelled data is an attractive scenario for many NLP tasks, including document classification. While with the recent emergence of BERT, deep learning language models can achieve reasonably good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Jinghui Lu , Maeve Henchion , Ivan Bacher , Brian Mac Namee

Accuracy of English-language Question Answering (QA) systems has improved significantly in recent years with the advent of Transformer-based models (e.g., BERT). These models are pre-trained in a self-supervised fashion with a large English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Gokul Karthik Kumar , Abhishek Singh Gehlot , Sahal Shaji Mullappilly , Karthik Nandakumar

The Transformer architecture and transfer learning have marked a quantum leap in natural language processing, improving the state of the art across a range of text-based tasks. This paper examines how these advancements can be applied to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Pasquale Salza , Christoph Schwizer , Jian Gu , Harald C. Gall

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable advancement in various NLP tasks. As such, a popular trend has emerged lately where NLP researchers extract word/sentence/document embeddings from these large decoder-only models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yash Mahajan , Matthew Freestone , Sathyanarayanan Aakur , Santu Karmaker

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable advancement in various NLP tasks. As such, a popular trend has emerged lately where NLP researchers extract word/sentence/document embeddings from these large decoder-only models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yash Mahajan , Matthew Freestone , Naman Bansal , Sathyanarayanan Aakur , Shubhra Kanti Karmaker Santu

We examine the benefits of visual context in training neural language models to perform next-word prediction. A multi-modal neural architecture is introduced that outperform its equivalent trained on language alone with a 2\% decrease in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Alexander G. Ororbia , Ankur Mali , Matthew A. Kelly , David Reitter

This study investigates how well computational embeddings align with human semantic judgments in the processing of English compound words. We compare static word vectors (GloVe) and contextualized embeddings (BERT) against human ratings of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Swarang Joshi

This paper evaluates existing and newly proposed answer selection methods based on pre-trained word embeddings. Word embeddings are highly effective in various natural language processing tasks and their integration into traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Rishav Chakravarti , Jiri Navratil , Cicero Nogueira dos Santos

In this paper, we investigate the modeling power of contextualized embeddings from pre-trained language models, e.g. BERT, on the E2E-ABSA task. Specifically, we build a series of simple yet insightful neural baselines to deal with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Xin Li , Lidong Bing , Wenxuan Zhang , Wai Lam

I present Astro-HEP-BERT, a transformer-based language model specifically designed for generating contextualized word embeddings (CWEs) to study the meanings of concepts in astrophysics and high-energy physics. Built on a general pretrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Arno Simons

It has been reliably shown that the similarity of word embeddings obtained from popular neural models such as BERT approximates effectively a form of semantic similarity of the meaning of those words. It is therefore natural to wonder if…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Mathieu d'Aquin , Emmanuel Nauer

Obtaining large-scale annotated data for NLP tasks in the scientific domain is challenging and expensive. We release SciBERT, a pretrained language model based on BERT (Devlin et al., 2018) to address the lack of high-quality, large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Iz Beltagy , Kyle Lo , Arman Cohan