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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer promising energy efficiency advantages, particularly when processing sparse spike trains. However, their incompatibility with traditional datasets, which consist of batches of input vectors rather than…

The human brain utilizes spikes for information transmission and dynamically reorganizes its network structure to boost energy efficiency and cognitive capabilities throughout its lifespan. Drawing inspiration from this spike-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiangrong Shen , Qi Xu , Gang Pan , Badong Chen

Decoding brain signals accurately and efficiently is crucial for intra-cortical brain-computer interfaces. Traditional decoding approaches based on neural activity vector features suffer from low accuracy, whereas deep learning based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Song Yang , Haotian Fu , Herui Zhang , Peng Zhang , Wei Li , Dongrui Wu

Restoring naturalistic finger control in assistive technologies requires the continuous decoding of motor intent with high accuracy, efficiency, and robustness. Here, we present a spike-based decoding framework that integrates spiking…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Farah Baracat , Agnese Grison , Dario Farina , Giacomo Indiveri , Elisa Donati

We present a general framework for training spiking neural networks (SNNs) to perform binary classification on multivariate time series, with a focus on step-wise prediction and high precision at low false alarm rates. The approach uses the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 James Ghawaly , Andrew Nicholson , Catherine Schuman , Dalton Diez , Aaron Young , Brett Witherspoon

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which are inspired by the human brain, have recently gained popularity due to their relatively simple and low-power hardware for transmitting binary spikes and highly sparse activation maps. However, because…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Hong-Han Lien , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Spike sorting is a crucial step in decoding multichannel extracellular neural signals, enabling the identification of individual neuronal activity. A key challenge in brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) is achieving real-time, low-power spike…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Alexis Melot , Sean U. N. Wood , Yannick Coffinier , Pierre Yger , Fabien Alibart

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are being explored for their potential energy efficiency resulting from sparse, event-driven computations. Many recent works have demonstrated effective backpropagation for deep Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Jason M. Allred , Steven J. Spencer , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan , Kaushik Roy

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained significant attention as a potentially energy-efficient alternative for standard neural networks with their sparse binary activation. However, SNNs suffer from memory and computation overhead due…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Donghyun Lee , Ruokai Yin , Youngeun Kim , Abhishek Moitra , Yuhang Li , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) that operate in an event-driven manner and employ binary spike representation have recently emerged as promising candidates for energy-efficient computing. However, a cost bottleneck arises in obtaining…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yunpeng Yao , Man Wu , Zheng Chen , Renyuan Zhang

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is the third generation of Neural Network (NN) mimicking the natural behavior of the brain. By processing based on binary input/output, SNNs offer lower complexity, higher density and lower power consumption.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Khanh N. Dang , Abderazek Ben Abdallah

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired computing paradigm with significant potential for energy-efficient neural processing. Among neural coding schemes of SNNs, Time-To-First-Spike (TTFS) coding, which encodes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yi Lu , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) exhibit significant potential due to their low energy consumption. Converting Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to SNNs is an efficient way to achieve high-performance SNNs. However, many conversion methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zihan Huang , Wei Fang , Tong Bu , Peng Xue , Zecheng Hao , Wenxuan Liu , Yuanhong Tang , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), with their event-driven and biologically inspired operation, are well-suited for energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware. Neural coding, critical to SNNs, determines how information is represented via spikes.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Kaiwei Che , Wei Fang , Zhengyu Ma , Yifan Huang , Peng Xue , Li Yuan , Timothée Masquelier , Yonghong Tian

By exploiting discrete signal processing and simulating brain neuron communication, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a low-energy alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, existing SNN models, still face high…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Wenxuan Pan , Feifei Zhao , Bing Han , Haibo Tong , Yi Zeng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained considerable interest due to their energy-efficient characteristics, yet lack of a scalable training algorithm has restricted their applicability in practical machine learning problems. The deep…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Seongsik Park , Seijoon Kim , Byunggook Na , Sungroh Yoon

A Spiking Neural Network (SNN) can be trained indirectly by first training an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with the conventional backpropagation algorithm, then converting it into an SNN. The conventional rate-coding method for SNNs uses…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Ming Zhang , Nenggan Zheng , De Ma , Gang Pan , Zonghua Gu

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) support asynchronous event-driven computation, massive parallelism and demonstrate great potential to improve the energy efficiency of its synchronous analog counterpart. However, insufficient attention…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Jibin Wu , Yansong Chua , Malu Zhang , Qu Yang , Guoqi Li , Haizhou Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are receiving increasing attention due to their low power consumption and strong bio-plausibility. Optimization of SNNs is a challenging task. Two main methods, artificial neural network (ANN)-to-SNN…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Chunming Jiang , Yilei Zhang

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are artificial computational models that have been inspired by the brain's ability to naturally encode and process information in the time domain. The added temporal dimension is believed to render them more…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-05-29 S. R. Nandakumar , Irem Boybat , Manuel Le Gallo , Evangelos Eleftheriou , Abu Sebastian , Bipin Rajendran