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Imbalanced learning is a fundamental challenge in data mining, where there is a disproportionate ratio of training samples in each class. Over-sampling is an effective technique to tackle imbalanced learning through generating synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Qiaoyu Tan , Sirui Ding , Na Zou , Xia Hu

Subsampling algorithms are a natural approach to reduce data size before fitting models on massive datasets. In recent years, several works have proposed methods for subsampling rows from a data matrix while maintaining relevant information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Fred Lu , Edward Raff , James Holt

Many real-world applications reveal difficulties in learning classifiers from imbalanced data. The rising big data era has been witnessing more classification tasks with large-scale but extremely imbalance and low-quality datasets. Most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Zhining Liu , Wei Cao , Zhifeng Gao , Jiang Bian , Hechang Chen , Yi Chang , Tie-Yan Liu

Training a classification model on a dataset where the instances of one class outnumber those of the other class is a challenging problem. Such imbalanced datasets are standard in real-world situations such as fraud detection, medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Anubha Kabra , Ayush Chopra , Nikaash Puri , Pinkesh Badjatiya , Sukriti Verma , Piyush Gupta , Balaji K

Imbalanced classification often causes standard training procedures to prioritize the majority class and perform poorly on rare but important cases. A classic and widely used remedy is to augment the minority class with synthetic samples,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-10 Zhengchi Ma , Anru R. Zhang

Data imbalance remains one of the factors negatively affecting the performance of contemporary machine learning algorithms. One of the most common approaches to reducing the negative impact of data imbalance is preprocessing the original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Michał Koziarski

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has shown its strong ability in utilizing unlabeled data when labeled data is scarce. However, most SSL algorithms work under the assumption that the class distributions are balanced in both training and test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Ju He , Adam Kortylewski , Shaokang Yang , Shuai Liu , Cheng Yang , Changhu Wang , Alan Yuille

Handling imbalance in class distribution when building a classifier over tabular data has been a problem of long-standing interest. One popular approach is augmenting the training dataset with synthetically generated data. While classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Annie D'souza , Swetha M , Sunita Sarawagi

Class imbalance would lead to biased classifiers that favor the majority class and disadvantage the minority class. Unfortunately, from a practical perspective, the minority class is of importance in many real-life applications. Hybrid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Wenbin Pei , Ruohao Dai , Bing Xue , Mengjie Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Yiu-Ming Cheung , Shuyin Xia

Imbalanced data, where the positive samples represent only a small proportion compared to the negative samples, makes it challenging for classification problems to balance the false positive and false negative rates. A common approach to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Pengfei Lyu , Zhengchi Ma , Linjun Zhang , Anru R. Zhang

Supervised learning from training data with imbalanced class sizes, a commonly encountered scenario in real applications such as anomaly/fraud detection, has long been considered a significant challenge in machine learning. Motivated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Yunru Liu , Tingran Gao , Haizhao Yang

Ensemble technique and under-sampling technique are both effective tools used for imbalanced dataset classification problems. In this paper, a novel ensemble method combining the advantages of both ensemble learning for biasing classifiers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Jinyan Li , Yaoyang Wu , Simon Fong , Antonio J. Tallón-Ballesteros , Xin-she Yang , Sabah Mohammed , Feng Wu

Class imbalance remains a critical challenge in semi-supervised learning (SSL), especially when distributional mismatches between labeled and unlabeled data lead to biased classification. Although existing methods address this issue by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Senmao Tian , Xiang Wei , Shunli Zhang

Class imbalance is a common problem in supervised learning and impedes the predictive performance of classification models. Popular countermeasures include oversampling the minority class. Standard methods like SMOTE rely on finding nearest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Justin Engelmann , Stefan Lessmann

Prior work has shown that Visual Recognition datasets frequently underrepresent bias groups $B$ (\eg Female) within class labels $Y$ (\eg Programmers). This dataset bias can lead to models that learn spurious correlations between class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Maan Qraitem , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

Learning from imbalanced data is among the most challenging areas in contemporary machine learning. This becomes even more difficult when considered the context of big data that calls for dedicated architectures capable of high-performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 William C. Sleeman , Bartosz Krawczyk

Downsampling or under-sampling is a technique that is utilized in the context of large and highly imbalanced classification models. We study optimal downsampling for imbalanced classification using generalized linear models (GLMs). We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Yan Chen , Jose Blanchet , Krzysztof Dembczynski , Laura Fee Nern , Aaron Flores

Many real-world data stream applications not only suffer from concept drift but also class imbalance. Yet, very few existing studies investigated this joint challenge. Data difficulty factors, which have been shown to be key challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Chun Wai Chiu , Leandro L. Minku

This study examines the impact of class-imbalanced data on deep learning models and proposes a technique for data balancing by generating synthetic data for the minority class. Unlike random-based oversampling, our method prioritizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Hung Nguyen , Morris Chang

Most state-of-the-art computer vision models heavily depend on data. However, many datasets exhibit extreme class imbalance which has been shown to negatively impact model performance. Among the training-time and data-generation solutions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Indu Panigrahi , Richard Zhu