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Detecting digital face manipulation in images and video has attracted extensive attention due to the potential risk to public trust. To counteract the malicious usage of such techniques, deep learning-based deepfake detection methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Yuhang Lu , Touradj Ebrahimi

One of the key challenges of detecting AI-generated images is spotting images that have been created by previously unseen generative models. We argue that the limited diversity of the training data is a major obstacle to addressing this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Jeongsoo Park , Andrew Owens

Deepfake detectors often struggle to generalize to novel forgery types due to biases learned from limited training data. In this paper, we identify a new type of model bias in the frequency domain, termed spectral bias, where detectors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Hossein Kashiani , Niloufar Alipour Talemi , Fatemeh Afghah

The rapid evolution of deep generative models poses a critical challenge to deepfake detection, as detectors trained on forgery-specific artifacts often suffer significant performance degradation when encountering unseen forgeries. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mengyu Qiao , Runze Tian , Yang Wang

Traditional deepfake detectors have dealt with the detection problem as a binary classification task. This approach can achieve satisfactory results in cases where samples of a given deepfake generation technique have been seen during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sotirios Stamnas , Victor Sanchez

The rapid progress of generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models has enabled the creation of synthetic faces that are increasingly difficult to distinguish from real images. This progress, however, has also amplified the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Kyeonghun Kim , Youngung Han , Seoyoung Ju , Yeonju Jean , YooHyun Kim , Minseo Choi , SuYeon Lim , Kyungtae Park , Seungwoo Baek , Sieun Hyeon , Nam-Joon Kim , Hyuk-Jae Lee

Deepfake detectors face growing challenges in generalization as new image synthesis techniques emerge. In particular, deepfakes generated by diffusion models are highly photorealistic and often evade detectors trained on GAN-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Hongyuan Qi , Wenjin Hou , Hehe Fan , Jun Xiao

Deep generative modeling has the potential to cause significant harm to society. Recognizing this threat, a magnitude of research into detecting so-called "Deepfakes" has emerged. This research most often focuses on the image domain, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Joel Frank , Lea Schönherr

Deep generative models have recently achieved impressive results for many real-world applications, successfully generating high-resolution and diverse samples from complex datasets. Due to this improvement, fake digital contents have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Ricard Durall , Margret Keuper , Franz-Josef Pfreundt , Janis Keuper

As generative models are advancing in quality and quantity for creating synthetic content, deepfakes begin to cause online mistrust. Deepfake detectors are proposed to counter this effect, however, misuse of detectors claiming fake content…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Neslihan Kose , Anthony Rhodes , Umur Aybars Ciftci , Ilke Demir

Fooling people with highly realistic fake images generated with Deepfake or GANs brings a great social disturbance to our society. Many methods have been proposed to detect fake images, but they are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Quanyu Liao , Yuezun Li , Xin Wang , Bin Kong , Bin Zhu , Siwei Lyu , Youbing Yin , Qi Song , Xi Wu

Remarkable advancements in generative AI technology have given rise to a spectrum of novel deepfake categories with unprecedented leaps in their realism, and deepfakes are increasingly becoming a nuisance to law enforcement authorities and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Tharindu Fernando , Clinton Fookes , Sridha Sridharan , Simon Denman

The rapid advancement of deepfake and face swap technologies has raised significant concerns in digital security, particularly in identity verification and onboarding processes. Conventional detection methods often struggle to generalize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alejandro Hinke-Navarro , Mario Nieto-Hidalgo , Juan M. Espin , Juan E. Tapia

The rapid rise of photorealistic images produced from Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) poses a serious challenge for image forensics and industrial systems requiring reliable content authenticity. This paper uses frequency-domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Sai Teja Erukude , Viswa Chaitanya Marella , Suhasnadh Reddy Veluru

The emergence of deepfake technology has introduced a range of societal problems, garnering considerable attention. Current deepfake detection methods perform well on specific datasets, but exhibit poor performance when applied to datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Lixin Jia , Zhiqing Guo , Gaobo Yang , Liejun Wang , Keqin Li

Recently, image manipulation has achieved rapid growth due to the advancement of sophisticated image editing tools. A recent surge of generated fake imagery and videos using neural networks is DeepFake. DeepFake algorithms can create fake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Naciye Celebi , Qingzhong Liu , Muhammed Karatoprak

Recent advances in deep generative models for photo-realistic images have led to high quality visual results. Such models learn to generate data from a given training distribution such that generated images can not be easily distinguished…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Steffen Jung , Margret Keuper

Face enhancement techniques are widely used to enhance facial appearance. However, they can inadvertently distort biometric features, leading to significant decrease in the accuracy of deepfake detectors. This study hypothesizes that these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Muhammad Saad Saeed , Ijaz Ul Haq , Khalid Malik

Recent progress in generative AI, primarily through diffusion models, presents significant challenges for real-world deepfake detection. The increased realism in image details, diverse content, and widespread accessibility to the general…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Chaitali Bhattacharyya , Hanxiao Wang , Feng Zhang , Sungho Kim , Xiatian Zhu

The boom of Generative AI brings opportunities entangled with risks and concerns. Existing literature emphasizes the generalization capability of deepfake detection on unseen generators, significantly promoting the detector's ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yongqi Yang , Zhihao Qian , Ye Zhu , Olga Russakovsky , Yu Wu