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Large artificial intelligence (AI) models have garnered significant attention for their remarkable, often "superhuman", performance on standardized benchmarks. However, when these models are deployed in high-stakes verticals such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Gaurav Verma , Jiawei Zhou , Mohit Chandra , Srijan Kumar , Munmun De Choudhury

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionize military combat systems, but ensuring these AI-enabled capabilities are truly mission-ready presents new challenges. We argue that current technology readiness assessments fail to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 S. Tucker Browne , Mark M. Bailey

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are reshaping how we approach scientific discovery, not by replacing established methods but by extending what researchers can probe, predict, and design. In this roadmap we provide a…

The recent development of powerful AI systems has highlighted the need for robust risk management frameworks in the AI industry. Although companies have begun to implement safety frameworks, current approaches often lack the systematic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Simeon Campos , Henry Papadatos , Fabien Roger , Chloé Touzet , Otter Quarks , Malcolm Murray

The United States Department of Defense (DOD) looks to accelerate the development and deployment of AI capabilities across a wide spectrum of defense applications to maintain strategic advantages. However, many common features of AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Ariel S. Kapusta , David Jin , Peter M. Teague , Robert A. Houston , Jonathan B. Elliott , Grace Y. Park , Shelby S. Holdren

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare holds great potential to expand access to high-quality medical care, whilst reducing overall systemic costs. Despite hitting the headlines regularly and many publications of proofs-of-concept,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-06 David Higgins , Vince I. Madai

Rising concern for the societal implications of artificial intelligence systems has inspired a wave of academic and journalistic literature in which deployed systems are audited for harm by investigators from outside the organizations…

Since its beginning in the 1950s, the field of artificial intelligence has cycled several times between periods of optimistic predictions and massive investment ("AI spring") and periods of disappointment, loss of confidence, and reduced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Melanie Mitchell

With the breakthroughs in Deep Learning, recent years have witnessed a massive surge in Artificial Intelligence applications and services. Meanwhile, the rapid advances in Mobile Computing and Internet of Things has also given rise to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Prabath Abeysekara , Hai Dong , A. K. Qin

The integration of Artificial Intelligence in the development of computer systems presents a new challenge: make intelligent systems explainable to humans. This is especially vital in the field of health and well-being, where transparency…

The advent of Artificial intelligence has promising advantages that can be utilized to transform the landscape of software project development. The Software process framework consists of activities that constantly require routine human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Mariyam Mahboob , Mohammed Rayyan Uddin Ahmed , Zoiba Zia , Mariam Shakeel Ali , Ayman Khaleel Ahmed

The recent upsurge of diversified mobile applications, especially those supported by AI, is spurring heated discussions on the future evolution of wireless communications. While 5G is being deployed around the world, efforts from industry…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Renhao Xue , Jialei Tan , Yutao Shi

Recent advancements in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) establish the basis to address challenging tasks. However, with the integration of AI, new risks arise. Therefore, to benefit from its advantages, it is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ronald Schnitzer , Andreas Hapfelmeier , Sven Gaube , Sonja Zillner

The widespread use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools in the healthcare sector raises many ethical and legal problems, one of the main reasons being their black-box nature and therefore the seemingly opacity and inscrutability of their…

The security and privacy concerns along with the amount of data that is required to be processed on regular basis has pushed processing to the edge of the computing systems. Deploying advanced Neural Networks (NN), such as deep neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Muhammad Shafique , Alberto Marchisio , Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif

The growing AI field faces trust, transparency, fairness, and discrimination challenges. Despite the need for new regulations, there is a mismatch between regulatory science and AI, preventing a consistent framework. A five-layer nested…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Akshat Dubey , Zewen Yang , Georges Hattab

The risks of frontier AI may require international cooperation, which in turn may require verification: checking that all parties follow agreed-on rules. For instance, states might need to verify that powerful AI models are widely deployed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mauricio Baker , Gabriel Kulp , Oliver Marks , Miles Brundage , Lennart Heim

Large artificial intelligence models (LAMs) possess human-like abilities to solve a wide range of real-world problems, exemplifying the potential of experts in various domains and modalities. By leveraging the communication and computation…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zixin Wang , Yuanming Shi , Yong Zhou , Jingyang Zhu , Khaled. B. Letaief

In the future, most companies will be confronted with the topic of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and will have to decide on their strategy in this regards. Currently, a lot of companies are thinking about whether and how AI and the usage of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Jens Heidrich , Andreas Jedlitschka , Adam Trendowicz , Anna Maria Vollmer

Artificial intelligence is fundamentally changing how health content is encountered and acted upon across both the information and healthcare ecosystems. AI systems now generate claims, curate information, interpret symptoms, synthesize…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Matthew R. DeVerna , Harry Yaojun Yan , Kai-Cheng Yang , Filippo Menczer