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Training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with small batches using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) yields superior test performance compared to larger batches. The specific noise structure inherent to SGD is known to be responsible for this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-14 Tom Sander , Maxime Sylvestre , Alain Durmus

Gradient descent is an important class of iterative algorithms for minimizing convex functions. Classically, gradient descent has been a sequential and synchronous process. Distributed and asynchronous variants of gradient descent have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Yun Kuen Cheung , Richard Cole

Gradient descent (GD) is crucial for generalization in machine learning models, as it induces implicit regularization, promoting compact representations. In this work, we examine the role of GD in inducing implicit regularization for tensor…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Ziye Ma , Javad Lavaei , Somayeh Sojoudi

Applying Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DPSGD) to training modern, large-scale neural networks such as transformer-based models is a challenging task, as the magnitude of noise added to the gradients at each iteration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Ryuichi Ito , Seng Pei Liew , Tsubasa Takahashi , Yuya Sasaki , Makoto Onizuka

The graduated optimization approach is a method for finding global optimal solutions for nonconvex functions by using a function smoothing operation with stochastic noise. This paper makes three contributions regarding graduated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Naoki Sato , Hideaki Iiduka

Recent development in the field of Deep Learning have exposed the underlying vulnerability of Deep Neural Network (DNN) against adversarial examples. In image classification, an adversarial example is a carefully modified image that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Adnan Siraj Rakin , Zhezhi He , Deliang Fan

Machine learning models fail to perform when facing out-of-distribution (OOD) domains, a challenging task known as domain generalization (DG). In this work, we develop a novel DG training strategy, we call PGrad, to learn a robust gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Zhe Wang , Jake Grigsby , Yanjun Qi

It has long been argued that minibatch stochastic gradient descent can generalize better than large batch gradient descent in deep neural networks. However recent papers have questioned this claim, arguing that this effect is simply a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Samuel L. Smith , Erich Elsen , Soham De

In the era of large-scale neural network models, optimization algorithms often struggle with generalization due to an overreliance on training loss. One key insight widely accepted in the machine learning community is the idea that wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Bodu Gong , Gustavo Enrique Batista , Pierre Lafaye de Micheaux

Modern deep learning techniques focus on extracting intricate information from data to achieve accurate predictions. However, the training datasets may be crowdsourced and include sensitive information, such as personal contact details,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Zhongjie Shi , Puyu Wang , Chenyang Zhang , Yuan Cao

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a widely deployed optimization procedure throughout data-driven and simulation-driven disciplines, which has drawn a substantial interest in understanding its global behavior across a broad class of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Vivak Patel , Shushu Zhang

Theoretical analysis of the error landscape of deep neural networks has garnered significant interest in recent years. In this work, we theoretically study the importance of noise in the trajectories of gradient descent towards optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Adepu Ravi Sankar , Vishwak Srinivasan , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

It is believed that Gradient Descent (GD) induces an implicit bias towards good generalization in training machine learning models. This paper provides a fine-grained analysis of the dynamics of GD for the matrix sensing problem, whose goal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Jikai Jin , Zhiyuan Li , Kaifeng Lyu , Simon S. Du , Jason D. Lee

Deep neural networks with remarkably strong generalization performances are usually over-parameterized. Despite explicit regularization strategies are used for practitioners to avoid over-fitting, the impacts are often small. Some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Deren Lei , Zichen Sun , Yijun Xiao , William Yang Wang

Gradient regularization, as described in \citet{barrett2021implicit}, is a highly effective technique for promoting flat minima during gradient descent. Empirical evidence suggests that this regularization technique can significantly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-03 Xuran Meng , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

Distributed optimization plays an important role in modern large-scale machine learning and data processing systems by optimizing the utilization of computational resources. One of the classical and popular approaches is Local Stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Andrey Sadchikov , Savelii Chezhegov , Aleksandr Beznosikov , Alexander Gasnikov

Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics infuses isotropic gradient noise to SGD to help navigate pathological curvature in the loss landscape for deep networks. Isotropic nature of the noise leads to poor scaling, and adaptive methods based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Chandrasekaran Anirudh Bhardwaj

Adversarial images are designed to mislead deep neural networks (DNNs), attracting great attention in recent years. Although several defense strategies achieved encouraging robustness against adversarial samples, most of them fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Hang Yu , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu , Gengchao Li , Ping Luo , Ran Cheng , Jichen Yang , Chongzhi Zhang

We use gradient sparsification to reduce the adverse effect of differential privacy noise on performance of private machine learning models. To this aim, we employ compressed sensing and additive Laplace noise to evaluate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Farhad Farokhi

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) forms the core optimization method for deep neural networks. While some theoretical progress has been made, it still remains unclear why SGD leads the learning dynamics in overparameterized networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Mingwei Wei , David J Schwab