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Communicating through social platforms has become one of the principal means of personal communications and interactions. Unfortunately, healthy communication is often interfered by offensive language that can have damaging effects on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yasser Otiefy , Ahmed Abdelmalek , Islam El Hosary

This report contains the details regarding our submission to the OffensEval 2019 (SemEval 2019 - Task 6). The competition was based on the Offensive Language Identification Dataset. We first discuss the details of the classifier implemented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Nicolò Frisiani , Alexis Laignelet , Batuhan Güler

The dissemination of online hate speech can have serious negative consequences for individuals, online communities, and entire societies. This and the large volume of hateful online content prompted both practitioners', i.e., in content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Julian Bäumler , Louis Blöcher , Lars-Joel Frey , Xian Chen , Markus Bayer , Christian Reuter

The proliferation of hate speech on social media necessitates automated detection systems that balance accuracy with computational efficiency. This study evaluates 38 model configurations in detecting hate speech across datasets ranging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Mahmoud Abusaqer , Jamil Saquer , Hazim Shatnawi

Automated hate speech detection in social media is a challenging task that has recently gained significant traction in the data mining and Natural Language Processing community. However, most of the existing methods adopt a supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Md Rabiul Awal , Rui Cao , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Sandra Mitrovic

Although social media platforms are a prominent arena for users to engage in interpersonal discussions and express opinions, the facade and anonymity offered by social media may allow users to spew hate speech and offensive content. Given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Ayushi Nirmal , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Paras Sheth , Huan Liu

The digital age has expanded social media and online forums, allowing free expression for nearly 45% of the global population. Yet, it has also fueled online harassment, bullying, and harmful behaviors like hate speech and toxic comments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Vuong M. Ngo , Cach N. Dang , Kien V. Nguyen , Mark Roantree

The damaging effects of hate speech on social media are evident during the last few years, and several organizations, researchers and social media platforms tried to harness them in various ways. Despite these efforts, social media users…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Polychronis Charitidis , Stavros Doropoulos , Stavros Vologiannidis , Ioannis Papastergiou , Sophia Karakeva

Social media is awash with hateful content, much of which is often veiled with linguistic and topical diversity. The benchmark datasets used for hate speech detection do not account for such divagation as they are predominantly compiled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Atharva Kulkarni , Sarah Masud , Vikram Goyal , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Online hate speech is an important issue that breaks the cohesiveness of online social communities and even raises public safety concerns in our societies. Motivated by this rising issue, researchers have developed many traditional machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Rui Cao , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Tuan-Anh Hoang

Text classification is an important topic in the field of natural language processing. It has been preliminarily applied in information retrieval, digital library, automatic abstracting, text filtering, word semantic discrimination and many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Hao Li , Brandon Bennett

This paper describes the system submitted to Dravidian-Codemix-HASOC2020: Hate Speech and Offensive Content Identification in Dravidian languages (Tamil-English and Malayalam-English). The task aims to identify offensive language in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Gaurav Arora

Hate speech detection has been extensively studied, yet existing methods often overlook a real-world complexity: training labels are biased, and interpretations of what is considered hate vary across individuals with different cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Weibin Cai , Reza Zafarani

The recognition of hate speech and offensive language (HOF) is commonly formulated as a classification task to decide if a text contains HOF. We investigate whether HOF detection can profit by taking into account the relationships between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , Sercan Halat , Sebastian Padó , Roman Klinger

Due to the wide adoption of social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, etc., there is an emerging need of detecting online posts that can go against the community acceptance standards. The hostility detection task has been well explored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Arkadipta De , Venkatesh E , Kaushal Kumar Maurya , Maunendra Sankar Desarkar

The task of automatically detecting hate speech in social media is gaining more and more attention. Given the enormous volume of content posted daily, human monitoring of hate speech is unfeasible. In this work, we propose new word-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Nicolas Zampieri , Irina Illina , Dominique Fohr

Today, hate speech classification from Arabic tweets has drawn the attention of several researchers. Many systems and techniques have been developed to resolve this classification task. Nevertheless, two of the major challenges faced in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Kheir Eddine Daouadi , Yaakoub Boualleg , Kheir Eddine Haouaouchi

The spread of information through social media platforms can create environments possibly hostile to vulnerable communities and silence certain groups in society. To mitigate such instances, several models have been developed to detect hate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Marzieh Babaeianjelodar , Gurram Poorna Prudhvi , Stephen Lorenz , Keyu Chen , Sumona Mondal , Soumyabrata Dey , Navin Kumar

Harmful speech has various forms and it has been plaguing the social media in different ways. If we need to crackdown different degrees of hate speech and abusive behavior amongst it, the classification needs to be based on complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Sanjana Sharma , Saksham Agrawal , Manish Shrivastava

Detecting hate speech in non-direct forms, such as irony, sarcasm, and innuendos, remains a persistent challenge for social networks. Although sarcasm and hate speech are regarded as distinct expressions, our work explores whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Angelly Cabrera , Linus Lei , Antonio Ortega