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Related papers: A Survey on Safety-Critical Driving Scenario Gener…

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Safety-critical scenarios are central to evaluating autonomous driving systems, yet their rarity in naturalistic logs makes simulation-based stress testing indispensable. Most scenario generation methods treat surrounding agents as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Qiyu Ruan , Yuxuan Wang , He Li , Zhenning Li , Cheng-zhong Xu

Self-driving software pipelines include components that are learned from a significant number of training examples, yet it remains challenging to evaluate the overall system's safety and generalization performance. Together with scaling up…

Autonomous systems are emerging in many application domains. With the recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning, sensor technology, perception algorithms and robotics, scenarios previously requiring strong human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Mohammad Hamad , Sebastian Steinhorst

Developing reliable autonomous driving algorithms poses challenges in testing, particularly when it comes to safety-critical traffic scenarios involving pedestrians. An open question is how to simulate rare events, not necessarily found in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Yuhang Yang , Kalle Kujanpaa , Amin Babadi , Joni Pajarinen , Alexander Ilin

Training and evaluating autonomous driving algorithms requires a diverse range of scenarios. However, most available datasets predominantly consist of normal driving behaviors demonstrated by human drivers, resulting in a limited number of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Miao Li , Wenhao Ding , Haohong Lin , Yiqi Lyu , Yihang Yao , Yuyou Zhang , Ding Zhao

Evaluating and improving planning for autonomous vehicles requires scalable generation of long-tail traffic scenarios. To be useful, these scenarios must be realistic and challenging, but not impossible to drive through safely. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Davis Rempe , Jonah Philion , Leonidas J. Guibas , Sanja Fidler , Or Litany

Reliable anticipation of traffic accidents is essential for advancing autonomous driving systems. However, this objective is limited by two fundamental challenges: the scarcity of diverse, high-quality training data and the frequent absence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Yanchen Guan , Haicheng Liao , Chengyue Wang , Xingcheng Liu , Jiaxun Zhang , Zhenning Li

Realistic and diverse traffic scenarios in large quantities are crucial for the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. However, owing to numerous difficulties in the data collection process and the reliance on intensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shuo Sun , Zekai Gu , Tianchen Sun , Jiawei Sun , Chengran Yuan , Yuhang Han , Dongen Li , Marcelo H. Ang

The introduction of automated vehicles without permanent human supervision demands a functional system description, including functional system boundaries and a comprehensive safety analysis. These inputs to the technical development can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Gerrit Bagschik , Till Menzel , Markus Maurer

For a successful market launch of automated vehicles (AVs), proof of their safety is essential. Due to the open parameter space, an infinite number of traffic situations can occur, which makes the proof of safety an unsolved problem. With…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Thomas Ponn , Matthias Breitfuß , Xiao Yu , Frank Diermeyer

To ensure their safe use, autonomous vehicles (AVs) must meet rigorous certification criteria that involve executing maneuvers safely within (arbitrary) scenarios where other actors perform their intended maneuvers. For that purpose,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Aren A. Babikian , Attila Ficsor , Oszkár Semeráth , Gunter Mussbacher , Dániel Varró

The increasing complexity of robots and autonomous agents that interact with people highlights the critical need for approaches that systematically test them before deployment. This review paper presents a general framework for solving this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Stefanos Nikolaidis

Autonomous driving techniques have been flourishing in recent years while thirsting for huge amounts of high-quality data. However, it is difficult for real-world datasets to keep up with the pace of changing requirements due to their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-29 Zhihang Song , Zimin He , Xingyu Li , Qiming Ma , Ruibo Ming , Zhiqi Mao , Huaxin Pei , Lihui Peng , Jianming Hu , Danya Yao , Yi Zhang

Autonomous driving promises safer roads, reduced congestion, and improved mobility, yet validating these systems across diverse conditions remains a major challenge. Real-world testing is expensive, time-consuming, and sometimes unsafe,…

Safety validation of autonomous driving systems requires high-risk scenario coverage, clear collision semantics, executable trajectories, and attributable multi-vehicle interactions. Existing safety-critical scenario generation methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Cheng Wang , Chen Xiong , Ziwen Wang , Yuchen Zhou , Qiang Liu

Simulation-based testing is crucial for validating autonomous vehicles (AVs), yet existing scenario generation methods either overfit to common driving patterns or operate in an offline, non-interactive manner that fails to expose rare,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Yuewen Mei , Tong Nie , Jian Sun , Ye Tian

Verification and validation are major challenges for developing automated driving systems. A concept that gets more and more recognized for testing in automated driving is scenario-based testing. However, it introduces the problem of what…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Barbara Schütt , Marc Heinrich , Sonja Marahrens , J. Marius Zöllner , Eric Sax

The reliable operation of autonomous vehicles, automated driving functions, and advanced driver assistance systems across a wide range of relevant scenarios is critical for their development and deployment. Identifying a near-complete set…

Autonomous driving is a research direction that has gained enormous traction in the last few years thanks to advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Depending on the level of independence from the human driver, several studies show…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Francesco Marchiori , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

Automated driving vehicles~(ADV) promise to enhance driving efficiency and safety, yet they face intricate challenges in safety-critical scenarios. As a result, validating ADV within generated safety-critical scenarios is essential for both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Kunkun Hao , Lu Liu , Wen Cui , Jianxing Zhang , Songyang Yan , Yuxi Pan , Zijiang Yang