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The joint Value at Risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) quantile regression model of Taylor (2017) is extended via incorporating a realized measure, to drive the tail risk dynamics, as a potentially more efficient driver than daily…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-23 Richard Gerlach , Chao Wang

Value at risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) are common high quantile-based risk measures adopted in financial regulations and risk management. In this paper, we propose a tail risk measure based on the most probable maximum size of risk…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-17 Kan Chen , Tuoyuan Cheng

This paper applies the Extreme-Value (EV) Generalised Pareto distribution to the extreme tails of the return distributions for the S&P500, FT100, DAX, Hang Seng, and Nikkei225 futures contracts. It then uses tail estimators from these…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-03-30 John Cotter , Kevin Dowd

This research incorporates realized volatility and overnight information into risk models, wherein the overnight return often contributes significantly to the total return volatility. Extending a semi-parametric regression model based on…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-13 Cathy W. S. Chen , Takaaki Koike , Wei-Hsuan Shau

This paper applies an AR(1)-GARCH (1, 1) process to detail the conditional distributions of the return distributions for the S&P500, FT100, DAX, Hang Seng, and Nikkei225 futures contracts. It then uses the conditional distribution for these…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-03-29 John Cotter , Kevin Dowd

Risk is an inherent feature of agricultural production and marketing and accurate measurement of it helps inform more efficient use of resources. This paper examines three tail quantile-based risk measures applied to the estimation of…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-03-31 John Cotter , Kevin Dowd , Wyn Morgan

We account for time-varying parameters in the conditional expectile-based value at risk (EVaR) model. The EVaR downside risk is more sensitive to the magnitude of portfolio losses compared to the quantile-based value at risk (QVaR). Rather…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-29 Xiu Xu , Andrija Mihoci , Wolfgang Karl Härdle

This report presents a comprehensive evaluation of three Value-at-Risk (VaR) modeling approaches: Historical Simulation (HS), GARCH with Normal approximation (GARCH-N), and GARCH with Filtered Historical Simulation (FHS), using both…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-06 Xin Tian

In this paper, we investigate risk measures such as value at risk (VaR) and the conditional tail expectation (CTE) of the extreme (maximum and minimum) and the aggregate (total) of two dependent risks. In finance, insurance and the other…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-02-01 Suman Thapa , Yiqiang Q. Zhao

Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) and value-at-risk (VaR) are popular tail-risk measures in finance and insurance industries as well as in highly reliable, safety-critical uncertain environments where often the underlying probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Shubhada Agrawal , Wouter M. Koolen , Sandeep Juneja

Risk measures such as Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) focus on extreme losses, where scarce tail data makes model error unavoidable. To hedge misspecification, one evaluates worst-case tail risk over an ambiguity set. Using Extreme Value…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-22 Anand Deo

Accurate forecasting of risk is the key to successful risk management techniques. Using the largest stock index futures from twelve European bourses, this paper presents VaR measures based on their unconditional and conditional…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-03-30 John Cotter

In this article, by using composite asymmetric least squares (CALS) and empirical likelihood, we propose a two-step procedure to estimate the conditional value at risk (VaR) and conditional expected shortfall (ES) for the GARCH series.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Sheng Wu , Yi Zhang , Jun Zhao , Liming Shen

This paper attempts to provide a decision-theoretic foundation for the measurement of economic tail risk, which is not only closely related to utility theory but also relevant to statistical model uncertainty. The main result is that the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2015-08-18 Steven Kou , Xianhua Peng

A method for quantile-based, semi-parametric historical simulation estimation of multiple step ahead Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) models is developed. It uses the quantile loss function, analogous to how the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-06 Richard Gerlach , Antonio Naimoli , Giuseppe Storti

A novel forecast combination and weighted quantile based tail-risk forecasting framework is proposed, aiming to reduce the impact of modelling uncertainty in tail-risk forecasting. The proposed approach is based on a two-step estimation…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-20 Giuseppe Storti , Chao Wang

To comply with increasingly stringent international standards in risk management and regulation, several approaches have been developed in the literature for forecasting tail-risk measures such as Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-02 Alessandra Amendola , Vincenzo Candila , Antonio Naimoli , Giuseppe Storti

Expected Shortfall (ES) is the average return on a risky asset conditional on the return being below some quantile of its distribution, namely its Value-at-Risk (VaR). The Basel III Accord, which will be implemented in the years leading up…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-07-18 Andrew J. Patton , Johanna F. Ziegel , Rui Chen

This paper develops a Bayesian framework for the realized exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (realized EGARCH) model, which can incorporate multiple realized volatility measures for the modelling of a…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-25 Vica Tendenan , Richard Gerlach , Chao Wang

Climate extremes such as floods, storms, and heatwaves have caused severe economic and human losses across Europe in recent decades. To support the European Union's climate resilience efforts, we propose a statistical framework for…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-26 Carlotta Pacifici , Simone A. Padoan , Jaroslav Mysiak
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