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We analyze temporal approximation schemes based on overlapping domain decompositions. As such schemes enable computations on parallel and distributed hardware, they are commonly used when integrating large-scale parabolic systems. Our…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-30 Eskil Hansen , Erik Henningsson

Reduced Order Models (ROMs) have been regarded as an efficient alternative to conventional high-fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for accelerating the design and optimization processes in engineering applications. Many industrial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Shenhui Ruan , Andreas G. Class , Gianluigi Rozza

We interpret the 4D-var data assimilation problem for a parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) in the context of optimal control and revisit the process of deriving optimality conditions for an initial control problem. This is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Carmen Gräßle , Jannis Marquardt

The four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) has emerged as an important methodology, widely used in numerical weather prediction, oceanographic modeling, and climate forecasting. Classical unconstrained gradient-based…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Bowen Li , Bin Shi

In the reduced order modeling (ROM) framework, the solution of a parametric partial differential equation is approximated by combining the high-fidelity solutions of the problem at hand for several properly chosen configurations. Examples…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-16 Nicola Demo , Marco Tezzele , Andrea Mola , Gianluigi Rozza

In part I of the article, we demonstrated that a variant of the Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) algorithm based on variable projection optimization, called Optimized DMD (OPT-DMD), enables a robust identification of the dominant…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Farbod Faraji , Maryam Reza , Aaron Knoll , J. Nathan Kutz

This paper is concerned with the analysis of convergent sequential and parallel overlapping domain decomposition methods for the minimization of functionals formed by a discrepancy term with respect to data and a total variation constraint.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2009-05-15 Massimo Fornasier , Andreas Langer , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

In this two-part article, we evaluate the utility and the generalizability of the Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) algorithm for data-driven analysis and reduced-order modelling of plasma dynamics in cross-field ExB configurations. The DMD…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Farbod Faraji , Maryam Reza , Aaron Knoll , J. Nathan Kutz

For many years, strongly and weakly constrained approaches were the only options to deal with errors in four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVar), with the aim of balancing the degrees of freedom and model constraints. Strong…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Xiangjun Tian , Hongqin Zhang , Zhe Jin , Min Zhao , Yilong Wang , Yinhai Luo , Ziqing Zhang , Yanyan Tan

The aim of this work is to present a model reduction technique in the framework of optimal control problems for partial differential equations. We combine two approaches used for reducing the computational cost of the mathematical numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Ivan Prusak , Monica Nonino , Davide Torlo , Francesco Ballarin , Gianluigi Rozza

In this paper, we propose a reduced order approach for 3D variational data assimilation governed by parametrized partial differential equations. In contrast to the classical 3D-VAR formulation that penalizes the measurement error directly,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-16 Nicole Aretz-Nellesen , Martin A. Grepl , Karen Veroy

Data assimilation is a method that combines observations (that is, real world data) of a state of a system with model output for that system in order to improve the estimate of the state of the system and thereby the model output. The model…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-18 Melina A. Freitag

Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) are two complementary singular-value decomposition (SVD) techniques that are widely used to construct reduced-order models (ROMs) in a variety of fields of science…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Hannah Lu , Daniel M. Tartakovsky

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are widely used for modeling various physical phenomena. These equations often depend on certain parameters, necessitating either the identification of optimal parameters or the solution of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Martina Bukač , Iva Manojlović , Boris Muha , Domagoj Vlah

The 4D-Var method for filtering partially observed nonlinear chaotic dynamical systems consists of finding the maximum a-posteriori (MAP) estimator of the initial condition of the system given observations over a time window, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-19 Daniel Paulin , Ajay Jasra , Alexandros Beskos , Dan Crisan

There is currently a great deal of interest in the 4D-Var data assimilation scheme, in which one uses observational data to find the optimal initial condition for a differential equation by minimizing a cost function over the set of all…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-07-20 Graham Cox

Piecewise-linear nonlinear systems appear in many engineering disciplines. Prediction of the dynamic behavior of such systems is of great importance from practical and theoretical viewpoint. In this paper, a data-driven model order…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Akira Saito , Masato Tanaka

This paper addresses the domain adaptation challenge for semantic segmentation in medical imaging. Despite the impressive performance of recent foundational segmentation models like SAM on natural images, they struggle with medical domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Javier Gamazo Tejero , Moritz Schmid , Pablo Márquez Neila , Martin S. Zinkernagel , Sebastian Wolf , Raphael Sznitman

Balanced truncation is a well-established model order reduction method which has been applied to a variety of problems. Recently, a connection between linear Gaussian Bayesian inference problems and the system-theoretic concept of balanced…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Josie König , Melina A. Freitag

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a powerful data-driven method used to extract spatio-temporal coherent structures that dictate a given dynamical system. The method consists of stacking collected temporal snapshots into a matrix and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Gabriel F. Barros , Malú Grave , Alex Viguerie , Alessandro Reali , Alvaro L. G. A. Coutinho