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This paper studies Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets), which learn to sample objects proportionally to a given reward function through the trajectory of state transitions. In this work, we observe that GFlowNets tend to under-exploit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Hyosoon Jang , Yunhui Jang , Minsu Kim , Jinkyoo Park , Sungsoo Ahn

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets), a class of generative models over discrete and structured sample spaces, have been previously applied to the problem of inferring the marginal posterior distribution over the directed acyclic graph…

Energy based models (EBMs) are appealing for their generality and simplicity in data likelihood modeling, but have conventionally been difficult to train due to the unstable and time-consuming implicit MCMC sampling during contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Junn Yong Loo , Michelle Adeline , Arghya Pal , Vishnu Monn Baskaran , Chee-Ming Ting , Raphael C. -W. Phan

Generative AI (GenAI) has revolutionized data-driven modeling by enabling the synthesis of high-dimensional data across various applications, including image generation, language modeling, biomedical signal processing, and anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yao Xie , Xiuyuan Cheng

As point cloud provides a natural and flexible representation usable in myriad applications (e.g., robotics and self-driving cars), the ability to synthesize point clouds for analysis becomes crucial. Recently, Xie et al. propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Yang Ye , Shihao Ji

Advanced generative model (e.g., diffusion model) derived from simplified continuity assumptions of data distribution, though showing promising progress, has been difficult to apply directly to geometry generation applications due to the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Yuxuan Song , Jingjing Gong , Yanru Qu , Hao Zhou , Mingyue Zheng , Jingjing Liu , Wei-Ying Ma

Generative Flow Networks or GFlowNets are related to Monte-Carlo Markov chain methods (as they sample from a distribution specified by an energy function), reinforcement learning (as they learn a policy to sample composed objects through a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ling Pan , Nikolay Malkin , Dinghuai Zhang , Yoshua Bengio

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) are a flexible family of amortized samplers trained to generate discrete and compositional objects with probability proportional to a reward function. However, learning efficiency is constrained by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Pedro Dall'Antonia , Tiago da Silva , Daniel Csillag , Salem Lahlou , Diego Mesquita

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) have recently emerged as a suitable framework for generating diverse and high-quality molecular structures by learning from rewards treated as unnormalized distributions. Previous works in this framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Mohit Pandey , Gopeshh Subbaraj , Artem Cherkasov , Martin Ester , Emmanuel Bengio

Energy-based models (EBMs) are a simple yet powerful framework for generative modeling. They are based on a trainable energy function which defines an associated Gibbs measure, and they can be trained and sampled from via well-established…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Alberto Bietti , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Joan Bruna

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) learn to sample diverse candidates in proportion to a reward function, making them well-suited for scientific discovery, where exploring multiple promising solutions is crucial. Further extending…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Seokwon Yoon , Youngbin Choi , Seunghyuk Cho , Seungbeom Lee , MoonJeong Park , Dongwoo Kim

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) were developed to learn policies for efficiently sampling combinatorial candidates by interpreting their generative processes as trajectories in directed acyclic graphs. In the value-based training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Puhua Niu , Shili Wu , Xiaoning Qian

Generative flow networks (GFlowNets), as an emerging technique, can be used as an alternative to reinforcement learning for exploratory control tasks. GFlowNet aims to generate distribution proportional to the rewards over terminating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yinchuan Li , Shuang Luo , Haozhi Wang , Jianye Hao

There are many frameworks for deep generative modeling, each often presented with their own specific training algorithms and inference methods. Here, we demonstrate the connections between existing deep generative models and the recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Dinghuai Zhang , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Nikolay Malkin , Yoshua Bengio

Training energy-based probabilistic models is confronted with apparently intractable sums, whose Monte Carlo estimation requires sampling from the estimated probability distribution in the inner loop of training. This can be approximately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Taesup Kim , Yoshua Bengio

The performance of sensor arrays in sensing and wireless communications improves with more elements, but this comes at the cost of increased energy consumption and hardware expense. This work addresses the challenge of selecting $k$ sensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Spilios Evmorfos , Zhaoyi Xu , Athina Petropulu

The Generative Flow Network (GFlowNet) is a probabilistic framework in which an agent learns a stochastic policy and flow functions to sample objects proportionally to an unnormalized reward function. A number of recent works explored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Haoran He , Emmanuel Bengio , Qingpeng Cai , Ling Pan

This paper presents a novel generative model to synthesize fluid simulations from a set of reduced parameters. A convolutional neural network is trained on a collection of discrete, parameterizable fluid simulation velocity fields. Due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Byungsoo Kim , Vinicius C. Azevedo , Nils Thuerey , Theodore Kim , Markus Gross , Barbara Solenthaler

This paper builds bridges between two families of probabilistic algorithms: (hierarchical) variational inference (VI), which is typically used to model distributions over continuous spaces, and generative flow networks (GFlowNets), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Nikolay Malkin , Salem Lahlou , Tristan Deleu , Xu Ji , Edward Hu , Katie Everett , Dinghuai Zhang , Yoshua Bengio

We consider the problem of sampling from a discrete and structured distribution as a sequential decision problem, where the objective is to find a stochastic policy such that objects are sampled at the end of this sequential process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Tristan Deleu , Padideh Nouri , Nikolay Malkin , Doina Precup , Yoshua Bengio