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We study the evolution of the scaling relations between maximum circular velocity, stellar mass and optical half-light radius of star-forming disk-dominated galaxies in the context of LCDM-based galaxy formation models. Using data from the…

We review advances in the modeling of protoplanetary disks. This review will focus on the regions of the disk beyond the dust sublimation radius, i.e. beyond 0.1 - 1 AU, depending on the stellar luminosity. We will be mostly concerned with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. P. Dullemond , D. Hollenbach , I. Kamp , P. D'Alessio

Flattened, rotating disks of cool dust and gas extending for tens to hundreds of AU are found around almost all low mass stars shortly after their birth. These disks generally persist for several Myr, during which time some material…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-08-30 Jonathan P. Williams , Lucas A. Cieza

Recent ALMA observations indicate that while a range of disk sizes exist, typical disk radii are small, and that radial dust drift affects the distribution of solids in disks. Here we explore the consequences of these features in planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Matthew Alessi , Ralph E. Pudritz , Alex J. Cridland

We investigate dust growth due to settling in a 1D vertical column of a protoplanetary disk. It is known from the observed 10 micron feature in disk SEDs, that small micron-sized grains are present at the disk atmosphere throughout the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 A. Zsom , C. W. Ormel , C. P. Dullemond , Th. Henning

Hot accretion disks around massive protostars provide a unique opportunity to study ice-free silicate grains that cannot be investigated in protoplanetary disks. We conduct a self-consistent investigation into grain-size evolution and its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 Ryota Yamamuro , Kei E. I. Tanaka , Satoshi Okuzumi

The extent of the gas in protoplanetary disks is observed to be universally larger than the extent of the dust. This is often attributed to radial drift and grain growth of the mm grains, but line optical depth produces a similar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-25 L. Trapman , S. Facchini , M. R. Hogerheijde , E. F. van Dishoeck , S. Bruderer

A small fraction of core collapse supernovae (SNe) show evidence that the outgoing blast wave has encountered a substantial mass ~ 1-10 M_sun of circumstellar matter (CSM) at radii ~100-1000 AU, much more than can nominally be explained by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Brian D. Metzger

Aims: We investigate the behaviour of dust in protoplanetary disks under the action of gas drag in the presence of a planet. Our goal is twofold: to determine the spatial distribution of dust depending on grain size and planet mass, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. Fouchet , S. T. Maddison , J. -F. Gonzalez , J. R. Murray

Crystalline silicates are an important tracer to the dust evolution in protoplanetary disks. In the inner disk, amorphous silicates are annealed by the high temperatures. These crystalline silicates are radially and vertically distributed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-24 Hyerin Jang , L. B. F. M. Waters , I. Kamp , C. P. Dullemond

We present new EVLA continuum observations at 7 mm of the 253-1536 binary disk system in the Orion Nebula Cluster. The measured fluxes were combined with data in the sub-mm to derive the millimeter spectral index of each individual disk…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 L. Ricci , L. Testi , J. P. Williams , R. K. Mann , T. Birnstiel

The model of an young star with a protoplanetary disk and a low-mass companion, which is moving on a circular orbit, inclined to the disk plane, is considered. The hydrodynamic models of such a system were calculated by SPH method. It was…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-09 T. Demidova , V. Grinin , N. Sotnikova

We use one-dimensional two-zone time-dependent accretion disk models to study the long-term evolution of protostellar disks subject to mass addition from the collapse of a rotating cloud core. Our model consists of a constant surface…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Zhaohuan Zhu , Lee Hartmann , Charles Gammie

[abridged]Photoevaporation and dust-trapping are individually considered to be important mechanisms in the evolution and morphology of protoplanetary disks. We studied how the presence of early substructures affects the evolution of the…

The long-term evolution of a circumstellar disk starting from its formation and ending in the T Tauri phase was simulated numerically with the purpose of studying the evolution of dust in the disk with distinct values of viscous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 Eduard Vorobyov , Vitaly Akimkin , Olga Stoyanovskaya , Yaroslav Pavlyuchenkov , Hauyu Baobab Liu

We investigate the nature of the innermost regions of seven circumstellar disks around pre-main-sequence stars. Our object sample contains disks apparently at various stages of their evolution. Both single stars and spatially resolved…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. A. Schegerer , S. Wolf , C. A. Hummel , S. P. Quanz , A. Richichi

Observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) have revealed many dust rings in protoplanetary disks, often interpreted as dust traps at gas pressure bumps. Previous studies…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Linhan Yang , Ya-Ping Li , Ruobing Dong , Kiyoaki Doi , Hauyu Baobab Liu , Pinghui Huang

Transition disks have dust-depleted inner regions and may represent an intermediate step of an on-going disk dispersal process, where planet formation is probably in progress. Recent millimetre observations of transition disks reveal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-19 P. Pinilla , M. de Juan Ovelar , S. Ataiee , M. Benisty , T. Birnstiel , E. F. van Dishoeck , M. Min

The similar orbital distances and detection rates of debris disks and the prominent rings observed in protoplanetary disks suggest a potential connection between these structures. We explore this connection with new calculations that follow…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-02 Joan R. Najita , Scott J. Kenyon , Benjamin C. Bromley

The prevalence of substructures in $\sim1-10$ Myr old protoplanetary disks, which are often linked to planet formation, has raised the question of how early such features form, and as a corollary, how early planet formation begins. Here we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Patrick D. Sheehan , John J. Tobin , Sam Federman , S. Thomas Megeath , Leslie W. Looney