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Related papers: Epithelia are multiscale active liquid crystals

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Using Monte Carlo simulations of the Lebwohl--Lasher model we study the director ordering in a nematic cell where the top and bottom surfaces are patterned with a lattice of $\pm 1$ point topological defects of lattice spacing $a$. We find…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Adam S. Backer , A. C. Callan-Jones , Robert A. Pelcovits

We show that "dry" active nematics, e.g. collections of shaken elongated granular particles, exhibit large-scale spatiotemporal chaos made of interacting dense, ordered, band-like structures in a parameter region including the linear onset…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-09-16 Sandrine Ngo , Anton Peshkov , Igor S. Aranson , Eric Bertin , Francesco Ginelli , Hugues Chaté

A two-dimensional system of soft particles interacting via a two-length-scale potential is studied. Density functional theory and Brownian dynamics simulations reveal a fluid phase and two crystalline phases with different lattice spacing.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-10-30 A. J. Archer , A. M. Rucklidge , E. Knobloch

We measure different contributions to entropy production in a living functional epithelial tissue. We do this by extracting the functional dynamics of development while at the same time quantifying fluctuations. Using the translucent…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-01-25 Mark Olenik , Jake Turley , Stephen Cross , Helen Weavers , Paul Martin , Isaac Chenchiah , Tanniemola Liverpool

Collective cell migration is crucial in many biological processes such as wound healing, tissue morphogenesis, and tumor progression. The leading front of a collective migrating epithelial cell layer often destabilizes into multicellular…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-05-07 Yanjun Yang , Herbert Levine

We investigate the connection between the transport properties and the thermodynamics of electronic systems with a tendency to form broken-symmetry mesophases evocative of the physics of liquid crystals. Through a hydrodynamic approach to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-13 Rafael M. Fernandes , Jörg Schmalian , Harry Westfahl

The swimming behavior of bacteria and other microorganisms is sensitive to the physical properties of the fluid in which they swim. Mucus, biofilms, and artificial liquid-crystalline solutions are all examples of fluids with some degree of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-12-17 Madison S. Krieger , Saverio E. Spagnolie , Thomas R. Powers

Liquid crystals formed by acute-angle bent-core (ABC) molecules with a 1,7 naphthalene central core show an intriguing phase behavior with the nematic phase accompanied by poorly understood additional phases. In this work, we characterize…

The elastic moduli of tissues are connected to their states of health and function. The epithelial monolayer is a simple, minimal, tissue model that is often used to gain understanding of mechanical behavior at the cellular or…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-12-13 Steven J. Chisolm , Emily Guo , Vignesh Subramaniam , Kyle D. Schulze , Thomas E. Angelini

In this talk I consider a two-dimensional lattice model for liquid crystals consisting of long rods interacting via purely hard core interactions, with two allowed orientations defined by the underlying lattice. I report a rigorous proof of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-09-17 Alessandro Giuliani

As the cover of embryos and adult organisms, epithelial tissues are subjected to substantial mechanical forces in tissue morphogenesis. However, the finite deformation behaviors of epithelial tissues remain largely unexplored. This study…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-12-29 Yuan He , Shi-Lei Xue

We perform a bidimensional Stokes experiment in an active cellular material: an autonomously migrating monolayer of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells flows around a circular obstacle within a long and narrow channel,…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-26 S. Tlili , M. Durande , C. Gay , B. Ladoux , F. Graner , H. Delanoë-Ayari

"Necks" are features of lipid membranes characterized by an uniquley large curvature, functioning as bridges between different compartments. These features are ubiquitous in the life-cycle of the cell and instrumental in processes such as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-05 Piermarco Fonda , Luca Giomi

We review the impact of tetrahedral order on the macroscopic dynamics of bent-core liquid crystals. We discuss tetrahedral order comparing with other types of orientational order, like nematic, polar nematic, polar smectic, and active polar…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-10-21 H. Pleiner , H. R. Brand

The ability of cells to reorganize in response to external stimuli is important in areas ranging from morphogenesis to tissue engineering. Elongated cells can co-align due to steric effects, forming states with local order. We show that…

We study the vertex model for epithelial tissue mechanics extended to include coupling between the cell shapes and tensions in cell-cell junctions. This coupling represents an active force which drives the system out of equilibrium and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-12-22 Jan Rozman , Rastko Sknepnek , Julia M. Yeomans

Molecular beam epitaxy enables the growth of thin film materials with novel properties and functionalities. Typically, the lattice constants of films and substrates are designed to match to minimise disorders and strains. However,…

Self-assembly of nanoparticles can enable composites with pre-designed properties but remains challenged by reproducing structural diversity of atomic and molecular crystals. We combine anisotropic elastic and weakly screened electrostatic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-12-09 Haridas Mundoor , Bohdan Senyuk , Ivan I. Smalyukh

The homotopy theory of topological defects is a powerful tool for organizing and unifying many ideas across a broad range of physical systems. Recently, experimental progress has been made in controlling and measuring colloidal inclusions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-04-10 Gareth P. Alexander , Bryan Gin-ge Chen , Elisabetta A. Matsumoto , Randall D. Kamien

Phase behavior of liquid crystals is of long-standing interest due to numerous applications, with one of the key issues being how the presence of impurities affects the liquid crystalline order. Here we study the orientational order of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-10-15 Pritam Kumar Jana , Julien Lam , Nagma Parveen , Mikko J Alava , Lasse Laurson