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Complex metrics are a double-edged sword: they allow one to replace singular spacetimes, such as those containing a big bang, with regular metrics, yet they can also describe unphysical solutions in which quantum transitions may be more…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-31 Caroline Jonas , Jean-Luc Lehners , Jerome Quintin

A pedagogical introduction is given to the quantum mechanics of closed systems, most generally the universe as a whole. Quantum mechanics aims at predicting the probabilities of alternative coarse-grained time histories of a closed system.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-15 James B. Hartle

The scale of quantum mechanical effects in matter is set by Planck's constant, $\hbar$. This represents the quantisation scale for material objects. In this article, we present a simple argument why the quantisation scale for space, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-17 Matthew J. Lake

Technical results are presented on motion in N(>4)D manifolds to clarify the physics of Kaluza-Klein theory, brane theory and string theory. The so-called canonical or warp metric in 5D effectively converts the manifold from a coordinate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Paul S. Wesson

The Standard Model of the elementary particles is controlled by more than 20 parameters, of which it is not known today how they can be linked to deeper principles. Any attempt to clean up this theory, in general results in producing more…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-14 Gerard t Hooft

We propose a new variant of the semiclassical quantisation with two independent parameters. The first one is proportional to the Planck constant as usually and the second one is connected with a deviation of the given potential from a very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-31 N. N. Trunov

The two dimensional substructure of general relativity and gravity, and the two dimensional geometry of quantum effect by black hole are disclosed. Then the canonical quantization of the two dimensional theory of gravity is performed. It is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 F. Ghaboussi

Relational formulation of quantum mechanics is based on the idea that relational properties among quantum systems, instead of the independent properties of a quantum system, are the most fundamental elements to construct quantum mechanics.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-23 Jianhao M. Yang

The present paper is based upon equations obtained in an earlier paper by the author devoted to a new formulation of quantum electrodynamics. The equations describe the structure of the electron as well as its motion in external fields,…

General Physics · Physics 2016-10-05 V. A. Golovko

Despite its enormous empirical success, the formalism of quantum theory still raises fundamental questions: why is nature described in terms of complex Hilbert spaces, and what modifications of it could we reasonably expect to find in some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-27 Marius Krumm , Howard Barnum , Jonathan Barrett , Markus P. Mueller

The additivity of classical probabilities is only the first in a hierarchy of possible sum-rules, each of which implies its successor. The first and most restrictive sum-rule of the hierarchy yields measure-theory in the Kolmogorov sense,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Rafael D. Sorkin

The minisuperspace model in $3+d$ spatial dimensions with the matter, described by the bag model, is considered with the aim to estimate the probability of creation of the compactified extra dimensions in nuclear collisions. The amplitude…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-21 A. V. Nazarenko

Several new physics experiments in 1998 were performed and analyzed to show the subtlety of quantum theory, including the "wave-particle duality" and the non-separability of two-particle entangled state. Here it is shown that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guang-jiong Ni

The notion of a double well potential typically involves two regions of space separated by a repulsive potential barrier. The solution is a wave function that is suppressed in the barrier region and localized in the two surrounding regions.…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-12-22 A. Ibrahim , F. Marsiglio

We develop an approximate second quantization method for describing the many-particle systems in the presence of bound states of particles at low energies (the kinetic energy of particles is small in comparison to the binding energy of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Sergey V. Peletminskii , Yuriy V. Slyusarenko

An out of the box intellectual path exploring the foundations of quantum mechanics is discussed in some detail, in order to clarify why a possibly different way to look at the relevant fundamental questions can be identified and can support…

General Physics · Physics 2012-11-06 Alberto Ottolenghi

In this second part of the paper, dedicated to theories with extra dimensions, a new physical notion about the "tensor length scale" is introduced, based on the gravitational theories with covariant and contravariant metric tensor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-10-09 Bogdan G. Dimitrov

Modern advances in transformation optics and electromagnetic metamaterials made possible experimental demonstrations of highly unusual curvilinear optical spaces, such as various geometries necessary for electromagnetic cloaking. Recently…

Optics · Physics 2014-09-17 Igor I. Smolyaninov

A duality between an electrostatic problem in a three dimensional world and a quantum mechanical problem in a one dimensional world which allows one to obtain the ground state solution of the Schr\"odinger equation by using electrostatic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 G. Gonzalez

The concept of supersymmetry in a quantum mechanical system is extended, permitting the recognition of many more supersymmetric systems, including very familiar ones such as the free particle. Its spectrum is shown to be supersymmetric,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. R. P. Rau