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Spectral clustering is a standard approach to label nodes on a graph by studying the (largest or lowest) eigenvalues of a symmetric real matrix such as e.g. the adjacency or the Laplacian. Recently, it has been argued that using instead a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-04-30 Alaa Saade , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

Network models provide a powerful framework for analysing single-cell count data, facilitating the characterisation of cellular identities, disease mechanisms, and developmental trajectories. However, uncertainty modeling in unsupervised…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-27 Shanshan Ren , Thomas E. Bartlett , Lina Gerontogianni , Swati Chandna

Probabilistic clustering models (or equivalently, mixture models) are basic building blocks in countless statistical models and involve latent random variables over discrete spaces. For these models, posterior inference methods can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-24 Ari Pakman , Yueqi Wang , Catalin Mitelut , JinHyung Lee , Liam Paninski

Gaussian mixture block models are distributions over graphs that strive to model modern networks: to generate a graph from such a model, we associate each vertex $i$ with a latent feature vector $u_i \in \mathbb{R}^d$ sampled from a mixture…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-12 Shuangping Li , Tselil Schramm

We develop sampling algorithms to fit Bayesian hierarchical models, the computational complexity of which scales linearly with the number of observations and the number of parameters in the model. We focus on crossed random effect and…

Computation · Statistics 2025-01-03 Omiros Papaspiliopoulos , Timothée Stumpf-Fétizon , Giacomo Zanella

Graph clustering is a fundamental task in unsupervised learning with broad real-world applications. While spectral clustering methods for undirected graphs are well-established and guided by a minimum cut optimization consensus, their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-04 Ning Zhang , Xiaowen Dong , Mihai Cucuringu

We propose a Bayesian approach for model-based clustering of multivariate categorical data where variables are allowed to be associated within clusters and the number of clusters is unknown. The approach uses a two-layer mixture of finite…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-09 Gertraud Malsiner-Walli , Bettina Grün , Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter

Spectral clustering is one of the most effective clustering approaches that capture hidden cluster structures in the data. However, it does not scale well to large-scale problems due to its quadratic complexity in constructing similarity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Lingfei Wu , Pin-Yu Chen , Ian En-Hsu Yen , Fangli Xu , Yinglong Xia , Charu Aggarwal

The present paper is devoted to clustering geometric graphs. While the standard spectral clustering is often not effective for geometric graphs, we present an effective generalization, which we call higher-order spectral clustering. It…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Konstantin Avrachenkov , Andrei Bobu , Maximilien Dreveton

Random forests are a machine learning method used to automatically classify datasets and consist of a multitude of decision trees. While these random forests often have higher performance and generalize better than a single decision tree,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Max Sondag , Christofer Meinecke , Dennis Collaris , Tatiana von Landesberger , Stef van den Elzen

In many modern applications, there is interest in analyzing enormous data sets that cannot be easily moved across computers or loaded into memory on a single computer. In such settings, it is very common to be interested in clustering.…

Computation · Statistics 2020-05-15 Hanyu Song , Yingjian Wang , David B. Dunson

Spectral clustering is one of the most popular algorithms to group high dimensional data. It is easy to implement and computationally efficient. Despite its popularity and successful applications, its theoretical properties have not been…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-07 Matthias Löffler , Anderson Y. Zhang , Harrison H. Zhou

Clustering is widely studied in statistics and machine learning, with applications in a variety of fields. As opposed to classical algorithms which return a single clustering solution, Bayesian nonparametric models provide a posterior over…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-11 Sara Wade , Zoubin Ghahramani

Despite the fundamental importance of clustering, to this day, much of the relevant research is still based on ambiguous foundations, leading to an unclear understanding of whether or how the various clustering methods are connected with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Yorgos Tsitsikas , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

Graph clustering aims at discovering a natural grouping of the nodes such that similar nodes are assigned to a common cluster. Many different algorithms have been proposed in the literature: for simple graphs, for graphs with attributes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Ylli Sadikaj , Yllka Velaj , Sahar Behzadi , Claudia Plant

Clustering is a fundamental task in data analysis, and spectral clustering has been recognized as a promising approach to it. Given a graph describing the relationship between data, spectral clustering explores the underlying cluster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Tomohiko Mizutani

Spectral algorithms are graph partitioning algorithms that partition a node set of a graph into groups by using a spectral embedding map. Clustering techniques based on the algorithms are referred to as spectral clustering and are widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Tomohiko Mizutani

Finite Gaussian mixture models are widely used for model-based clustering of continuous data. Nevertheless, since the number of model parameters scales quadratically with the number of variables, these models can be easily…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-25 Michael Fop , Thomas Brendan Murphy , Luca Scrucca

Spectral clustering is a broad class of clustering procedures in which an intractable combinatorial optimization formulation of clustering is "relaxed" into a tractable eigenvector problem, and in which the relaxed solution is subsequently…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-02-21 Zhihua Zhang , Michael I. Jordan

Spectral clustering is a popular method for effectively clustering nonlinearly separable data. However, computational limitations, memory requirements, and the inability to perform incremental learning challenge its widespread application.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Jo-Chun Chen , Hung-Hsuan Chen