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Non-Hermitian systems can produce branch singularities known as exceptional points (EPs). Different from singularities in Hermitian systems, the topological properties of an EP can involve either the winding of eigenvalues that produces a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Weiyuan Tang , Kun Ding , Guancong Ma

Exceptional points (EPs), non-Hermitian degeneracies where both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, play a central role in the topology of non-Hermitian spectra. Recent advances have enabled the controlled creation and manipulation of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Jung-Wan Ryu , Chang-Hwan Yi

The unique properties of exceptional point (EP) singularities, arising from non-Hermitian physics, have unlocked new possibilities for manipulating light-matter interactions. A tailored gain-loss variation, while encircling higher-order EPs…

Measuring performance of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system without ground-truth could be beneficial in many scenarios, especially with data from unseen domains, where performance can be highly inconsistent. In conventional ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Ruizhi Li , Gregory Sell , Hynek Hermansky

Analyzing the physical and chemical properties of single DNA based molecular machines such as polymerases and helicases often necessitates to track stepping motion on the length scale of base pairs. Although high resolution instruments have…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 Joachim Rosskopf , Korbinian Paul-Yuan , Martin B. Plenio , Jens Michaelis

Exceptional points (EPs), singularities in non-Hermitian systems where eigenvalues and eigenstates coalesce, exhibit a dramatically enhanced response to perturbations compared to Hermitian degeneracies. This makes them exceptional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Shu-Xuan Wang , Zhongbo Yan

Endpoint (EP) detection is a key component of far-field speech recognition systems that assist the user through voice commands. The endpoint detector has to trade-off between accuracy and latency, since waiting longer reduces the cases of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-26 Anirudh Raju , Aparna Khare , Di He , Ilya Sklyar , Long Chen , Sam Alptekin , Viet Anh Trinh , Zhe Zhang , Colin Vaz , Venkatesh Ravichandran , Roland Maas , Ariya Rastrow

Non-Hermitian systems and their topological singularities, such as exceptional points (EPs), lines, and surfaces, have recently attracted intense interest. The investigation of these exceptional constituents has led to fruitful…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-08 Liang Fang , Kai Bai , Cheng Guo , Tian-Rui Liu , Jia-Zheng Li , Meng Xiao

The nonorthogonality of modes in open systems significantly modifies their resonant response, resulting in quantitative and qualitative deviations from Breit-Wigner resonance relations. For isolated resonances with a Lorentzian lineshape,…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-10 Julius Kullig , Jan Wiersig , Henning Schomerus

Equilibrium Propagation (EP) is a biologically-inspired algorithm for convergent RNNs with a local learning rule that comes with strong theoretical guarantees. The parameter updates of the neural network during the credit assignment phase…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Axel Laborieux , Maxence Ernoult , Benjamin Scellier , Yoshua Bengio , Julie Grollier , Damien Querlioz

The notion of synthetic dimensions has expanded the realm of topological physics to four dimensional (4D) space lately. In this work, non-Hermiticity is used as a synthetic parameter in PT-symmetric photonic crystals to study the…

Optics · Physics 2020-01-16 Qiang Wang , Kun Ding , Hui Liu , Shining Zhu , C. T. Chan

Non-Hermitian systems have attracted significant interest because of their intriguing and useful properties, including exceptional points (EPs), where eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenstates of non-Hermitian operators become…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Hamed Ghaemi-Dizicheh , Shahram Dehdashti , Andreas Hanke , Ahmed Touhami , Janis Nötzel

Equilibrium Propagation (EP) is a supervised learning algorithm that trains network parameters using local neuronal activity. This is in stark contrast to backpropagation, where updating the parameters of the network requires significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jonathan Peters , Philippe Talatchian

Exceptional point (EP) denotes the non-Hermitian degeneracy, in which both eigenvalues and eigenstates become identical. By the conventional local Markovian master equation, EP can be constructed by parity-time (PT) or anti-PT symmetry in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Dong Xie , Chunling Xu

We investigate exceptional points of degeneracy (EPDs) in electromagnetic scattering of a sphere dimer from the electroquasistatic limit to the fully retarded regime. In the quasistatic limit, we prove that $\parity\trev$-symmetric…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-29 Emanuele Corsaro , Filippo Capolino , Carlo Forestiere

While the (weak) Equivalence Principle (EP) has been rigorously tested within the solar system, its validity on cosmological scales, particularly in the context of dark matter and dark energy, remains uncertain. In this study, we propose a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-06 Guoyuan Lu , Yi Zheng , Le Zhang , Xiaodong Li , Jiacheng Ding , Kwan Chuen Chan

There has been debate around applicability of exceptional points (EP) for quantum sensing. To resolve this, we first explore how to experimentally implement the nonhermitian non-diagonalizable Hamiltonians, that exhibit EPs, in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Chetan Waghela , Shubhrangshu Dasgupta

We derive new exceptional point (EP) conditions of the coupled microring resonators using coupled mode theory in space, a more accurate approach than the commonly used coupled mode theory in time. Transmission spectra around EPs obtained…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-24 Kunpeng Zhu , Xiaoyan Zhou , Yinxin Zhang , Zhanhua Huang , Lin Zhang

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems can give rise to intriguing effects not available in conventional Hermitian systems due to their unusual properties. Using full-wave simulations, we investigate the scattering, absorption,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2024-02-13 Chengzhi Zhang , Shubo Wang

Controlling and reversing the effects of loss are major challenges in optical systems. For lasers losses need to be overcome by a sufficient amount of gain to reach the lasing threshold. We show how to turn losses into gain by steering the…

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