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We suggest that dark matter can be identified with a stable composite fermion X^0, that arises within the holographic AdS/CFT models, where the Higgs boson emerges as a composite pseudo-goldstone boson. The predicted properties of X^0…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-04-24 J. Lorenzo Diaz-Cruz

A new density matrix and corresponding quantum kinetic equations are introduced for fermions undergoing coherent evolution either in time (coherent particle production) or in space (quantum reflection). A central element in our derivation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-02-02 Matti Herranen , Kimmo Kainulainen , Pyry Matti Rahkila

We present a first-principles derivation of the masses of all twelve known fermions -- three charged leptons, six quarks, and three neutrinos -- and the fine-structure constant $\alpha^{-1}$, from a single discrete functional equation, the…

General Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Jonathan Washburn , Elshad Allahyarov

In this article we investigate the application of complex split biquaternions and bioctonions to the standard model. We show that the Clifford algebras Cl(3) and Cl(7) can be used for making left-right symmetric fermions. Hence we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-24 Vatsalya Vaibhav , Tejinder P. Singh

Both algebras, Clifford and Grassmann, offer "basis vectors" for describing the internal degrees of freedom of fermions. The oddness of the "basis vectors", transferred to the creation operators, which are tensor products of the finite…

General Physics · Physics 2020-12-16 N. S. Mankoc Borstnik , H. B. F. Nielsen

We present a new classification of Clifford algebra elements. Our classification is based on the notion of quaternion type. Using this classification we develop a method for analyzing of commutators and anticommutators of Clifford algebra…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-22 Dmitry Shirokov

We present in Part II the description of the internal degrees of freedom of fermions by the superposition of odd products of the Clifford algebra elements, either $\gamma^a$'s or $\tilde{\gamma}^a$'s, which determine with their oddness the…

General Physics · Physics 2020-12-16 N. S. Mankoc Borstnik , H. B. F. Nielsen

We construct an explicit algebraic realisation of three fermion generations within a single Clifford algebra, transforming under the full Standard Model $SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ gauge group, in which an intrinsic $S_3$ family…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Niels Gresnigt

The Standard Model has three generations of fermions and although it does not contain any explicit reason for this, the existence of additional generations is now very constrained by experiment. Present measurements are saturating…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-12-17 Alfredo Aranda , Jose A. R. Cembranos

The new quantum number \sigma is introduced. It is shown that the conservation of \sigma-number results in the conservation of difference between baryon and lepton numbers obtained earlier by Georgi and Glashow. The conservation of \sigma…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 N. A. Korkhmazyan , N. N. Korkhmazyan

We show that Clifford algebras provide a natural language to describe the physics of liquid crystal defects in 3D. This framework shows that most of these defects have fermionic nature, as the director field profile on a 2D cross section…

Minimal atomic dark matter with its distinctive cooling mechanisms offers an instructive framework for understanding the potential impact of dark matter on small-scale structure formation and early cosmology. The model consists of two…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-12 Jared Barron , Rouven Essig , Megan H. McDuffie , Jesús Pérez-Ríos , Gregory Suczewski

Hypothesis of heavy stable quark of 4th family can provide a nontrivial solution for cosmological dark matter if baryon asymmetry in 4th family has negative sign and the excess of anti-U quarks with charge (-2/3) is generated in early…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maxim Yu. Khlopov

The 4th generation of fermions predicted by the phenomenology of heterotic string models can possess new strictly conserved charge, which leads, in particular, to the hypothesis of the existence of the 4th generation massive stable…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. Fargion , Yu. A. Golubkov , M. Yu. Khlopov , R. V. Konoplich , R. Mignani

This closer study of the FSM: [I] retains the earlier results in offering explanation for the existence of three fermion generations, as well as the hierarchical mass and mixing patterns of leptons and quarks; [II] predicts a vector boson…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-26 Jose Bordes , H. M. Chan , S. T. Tsou

This contribution presents properties of the second quantized not only fermion fields but also boson fields, if the second quantization of both kinds of fields origins in the description of the internal space of fields with the ''basis…

General Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Norma Susana Mankoc Borstnik

Dark Matter (DM) being the vital ingredient in the cosmos, still remains a mystery. Standard assumption is that the collisionless cold dark matter (CCDM) particles are represented by some weakly interacting fundamental fields which can not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ariel Zhitnitsky

We present a new method to introduce rotationally invariant terms in staggered fermions which is based on an $SO(2D)$ Clifford algebra formulation, where $D$ means the number of space-time dimensions. We have four candidates for improved…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Hatakeyama , H. Sawanaka , H. So

We discuss fermionic dark matter in non-supersymmetric $E_6$ Grand Unification. The fundamental representation of $E_6$ contains, in addition to the standard model fermions, exotic fermions and we argue that one of them is a viable,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-02-07 Jakob Schwichtenberg

A field theory is proposed where the regular fermionic matter and the dark fermionic matter are different states of the same "primordial" fermion fields. In regime of the fermion densities typical for normal particle physics, each of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 E. I. Guendelman , A. B. Kaganovich