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Constrained reinforcement learning is to maximize the expected reward subject to constraints on utilities/costs. However, the training environment may not be the same as the test one, due to, e.g., modeling error, adversarial attack,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Yue Wang , Fei Miao , Shaofeng Zou

We consider the problem of finding the best memoryless stochastic policy for an infinite-horizon partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) with finite state and action spaces with respect to either the discounted or mean reward…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-02 Johannes Müller , Guido Montúfar

Planning under uncertainty is a central problem in the study of automated sequential decision making, and has been addressed by researchers in many different fields, including AI planning, decision analysis, operations research, control…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 C. Boutilier , T. Dean , S. Hanks

We present a general framework for applying learning algorithms and heuristical guidance to the verification of Markov decision processes (MDPs). The primary goal of our techniques is to improve performance by avoiding an exhaustive…

Evaluating the robustness of Video classification models is very challenging, specifically when compared to image-based models. With their increased temporal dimension, there is a significant increase in complexity and computational cost.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Ashwin Ramesh Babu , Sajad Mousavi , Vineet Gundecha , Sahand Ghorbanpour , Avisek Naug , Antonio Guillen , Ricardo Luna Gutierrez , Soumyendu Sarkar

The linear Markov Decision Process (MDP) framework offers a principled foundation for reinforcement learning (RL) with strong theoretical guarantees and sample efficiency. However, its restrictive assumption-that both transition dynamics…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Sinian Zhang , Kaicheng Zhang , Ziping Xu , Tianxi Cai , Doudou Zhou

The use of algorithm-agnostic approaches is an emerging area of research for explaining the contribution of individual features towards the predicted outcome. Whilst there is a focus on explaining the prediction itself, a little has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Guilherme Dean Pelegrina , Sajid Siraj

In the industrial interior design process, professional designers plan the size and position of furniture in a room to achieve a satisfactory design for selling. In this paper, we explore the interior scene design task as a Markov decision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Xinhan Di , Pengqian Yu

Policy robustness in Reinforcement Learning may not be desirable at any cost: the alterations caused by robustness requirements from otherwise optimal policies should be explainable, quantifiable and formally verifiable. In this work we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Daniel Jarne Ornia , Licio Romao , Lewis Hammond , Manuel Mazo , Alessandro Abate

We propose a new class of deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms that model latent representations in hyperbolic space. Sequential decision-making requires reasoning about the possible future consequences of current behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Edoardo Cetin , Benjamin Chamberlain , Michael Bronstein , Jonathan J Hunt

Myopic exploration policies such as epsilon-greedy, softmax, or Gaussian noise fail to explore efficiently in some reinforcement learning tasks and yet, they perform well in many others. In fact, in practice, they are often selected as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Christoph Dann , Yishay Mansour , Mehryar Mohri , Ayush Sekhari , Karthik Sridharan

Sufficient conditions are identified under which the value function and the optimal strategy of a Markov decision process (MDP) are even and quasi-convex in the state. The key idea behind these conditions is the following. First, sufficient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Jhelum Chakravorty , Aditya Mahajan

Advances in reinforcement learning have led to its successful application in complex tasks with continuous state and action spaces. Despite these advances in practice, most theoretical work pertains to finite state and action spaces. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Saket Tiwari , Omer Gottesman , George Konidaris

The main goal of this paper is to apply the machinery of variational analysis and generalized differentiation to study infinite horizon stochastic dynamic programming (DP) with discrete time in the Banach space setting without convexity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Boris S. Mordukhovich , Nobusumi Sagara

The pursuit of robustness has recently been a popular topic in reinforcement learning (RL) research, yet the existing methods generally suffer from efficiency issues that obstruct their real-world implementation. In this paper, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Yang Hu , Haitong Ma , Bo Dai , Na Li

Policy-based algorithms are among the most widely adopted techniques in model-free RL, thanks to their strong theoretical groundings and good properties in continuous action spaces. Unfortunately, these methods require precise and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Luca Sabbioni , Francesco Corda , Marcello Restelli

We study the problem of learning policies that maximize cumulative reward while satisfying safety constraints, even when the real environment differs from a simulator or nominal model. We focus on robust constrained Markov decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sourav Ganguly , Arnob Ghosh

Online planning in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) enables agents to make sequential decisions by simulating future trajectories from the current state, making it well-suited for large-scale or dynamic environments. Sample-based methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tamir Shazman , Idan Lev-Yehudi , Ron Benchetit , Vadim Indelman

In reinforcement learning, different reward functions can be equivalent in terms of the optimal policies they induce. A particularly well-known and important example is potential shaping, a class of functions that can be added to any reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Erik Jenner , Herke van Hoof , Adam Gleave

Learned representations in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) have to extract task-relevant information from complex observations, balancing between robustness to distraction and informativeness to the policy. Such stable and rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Mete Kemertas , Tristan Aumentado-Armstrong