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Planning is a crucial element of both human intelligence and contemporary large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we initiate a theoretical investigation into the emergence of planning capabilities in Transformer-based LLMs via their…

Lung cancer is a major issue in worldwide public health, requiring early diagnosis using stable techniques. This work begins a thorough investigation of the use of machine learning (ML) methods for precise classification of lung cancer…

Supervised Machine Learning (SML) algorithms, such as Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and Neural Networks, have become popular in recent years due to their superior predictive performance over traditional statistical methods. However,…

Purpose: We address the challenge of inaccurate parameter estimation in diffusion MRI when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is very low, as in the spinal cord. The accuracy of conventional maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) depends highly…

Interpreting complex neural networks is crucial for understanding their decision-making processes, particularly in applications where transparency and accountability are essential. This proposed method addresses this need by focusing on…

Missing data is a prevalent issue that can significantly impair model performance and explainability. This paper briefly summarizes the development of the field of missing data with respect to Explainable Artificial Intelligence and…

Improved prediction of personalized health outcomes -- such as sleep quality and stress -- from multimodal lifelog data could have meaningful clinical and practical implications. However, state-of-the-art models, primarily deep neural…

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant global health challenge, with personalized treatment selection complicated by the disease's molecular and clinical heterogeneity. BC treatment decisions rely on various patient-specific clinical…

Machine learning (ML) interpretability techniques can reveal undesirable patterns in data that models exploit to make predictions--potentially causing harms once deployed. However, how to take action to address these patterns is not always…

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been successfully applied to many fields, showing outstanding comprehension and reasoning capabilities. Despite their great potential, LLMs usually require dedicated pre-training and fine-tuning…

The present study examines the effectiveness of applying Artificial Intelligence methods in an automotive production environment to predict unknown lead times in a non-cycle-controlled production area. Data structures are analyzed to…

Healthcare systems around the world are grappling with issues like inefficient diagnostics, rising costs, and limited access to specialists. These problems often lead to delays in treatment and poor health outcomes. Most current AI and deep…

Prediction accuracy and model explainability are the two most important objectives when developing machine learning algorithms to solve real-world problems. The neural networks are known to possess good prediction performance, but lack of…

High-throughput technologies such as next generation sequencing allow biologists to observe cell function with unprecedented resolution, but the resulting datasets are too large and complicated for humans to understand without the aid of…

This work develops machine learning approaches to classify structured light wave beams developing random speckle disturbances as they propagate through turbulent atmospheres. Beam propagation is modeled by the numerical simulation of a…

The rapidly growing traffic demands in fiber-optical networks require flexibility and accuracy in configuring lightpaths, for which fast and accurate quality of transmission (QoT) estimation is of pivotal importance. This paper introduces a…

Despite recent advancements in domain adaptation techniques for large language models, these methods remain computationally intensive, and the resulting models can still exhibit hallucination issues. Most existing adaptation methods do not…

Plantar pressure mapping is essential in clinical diagnostics and sports science, yet large heterogeneous datasets often contain outliers from technical errors or procedural inconsistencies. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) provides…

Online customer data provides valuable information for product design and marketing research, as it can reveal the preferences of customers. However, analyzing these data using artificial intelligence (AI) for data-driven design is a…

Traditional machine learning models often prioritize predictive accuracy, often at the expense of model transparency and interpretability. The lack of transparency makes it difficult for organizations to comply with regulatory requirements…