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Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) generates target outputs while receiving stream source inputs and requires a read/write policy to decide whether to wait for the next source token or generate a new target token, whose decisions form…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Donglei Yu , Xiaomian Kang , Yuchen Liu , Yu Zhou , Chengqing Zong

Recent work in simultaneous machine translation is often trained with conventional full sentence translation corpora, leading to either excessive latency or necessity to anticipate as-yet-unarrived words, when dealing with a language pair…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-20 HyoJung Han , Seokchan Ahn , Yoonjung Choi , Insoo Chung , Sangha Kim , Kyunghyun Cho

Real-world simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) systems face more challenges than just the quality-latency trade-off. They also need to address issues related to robustness with noisy input, processing long contexts, and flexibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Minghan Wang , Jinming Zhao , Thuy-Trang Vu , Fatemeh Shiri , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

Despite impressive progress in high-resource settings, Neural Machine Translation (NMT) still struggles in low-resource and out-of-domain scenarios, often failing to match the quality of phrase-based translation. We propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Xing Niu , Michael Denkowski , Marine Carpuat

Simultaneous machine translation attempts to translate a source sentence before it is finished being spoken, with applications to translation of spoken language for live streaming and conversation. Since simultaneous systems trade quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Colin Cherry , George Foster

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) has traditionally relied on offline machine translation models coupled with human-engineered heuristics or learned policies. We propose Hikari, a policy-free, fully end-to-end model that performs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Roman Koshkin , Jeon Haesung , Lianbo Liu , Hao Shi , Mengjie Zhao , Yusuke Fujita , Yui Sudo

Transfer learning approaches for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) train a NMT model on the assisting-target language pair (parent model) which is later fine-tuned for the source-target language pair of interest (child model), with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Rudra Murthy , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) generates translations while receiving streaming source inputs. This requires the SiMT model to learn a read/write policy, deciding when to translate and when to wait for more source input. Numerous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Donglei Yu , Yang Zhao , Jie Zhu , Yangyifan Xu , Yu Zhou , Chengqing Zong

Machine translation systems are expected to cope with various types of constraints in many practical scenarios. While neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved strong performance in unconstrained cases, it is non-trivial to impose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Shuo Wang , Peng Li , Zhixing Tan , Zhaopeng Tu , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Without real bilingual corpus available, unsupervised Neural Machine Translation (NMT) typically requires pseudo parallel data generated with the back-translation method for the model training. However, due to weak supervision, the pseudo…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Shuo Ren , Zhirui Zhang , Shujie Liu , Ming Zhou , Shuai Ma

Unsupervised cross-lingual pretraining has achieved strong results in neural machine translation (NMT), by drastically reducing the need for large parallel data. Most approaches adapt masked-language modeling (MLM) to sequence-to-sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Christos Baziotis , Ivan Titov , Alexandra Birch , Barry Haddow

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) models are trained to strike a balance between latency and translation quality. However, training these models to achieve high quality while maintaining low latency often leads to a tendency for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zhengrui Ma , Shaolei Zhang , Shoutao Guo , Chenze Shao , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Simultaneous speech translation (SST) outputs translations in parallel with streaming speech input, balancing translation quality and latency. While large language models (LLMs) have been extended to handle the speech modality, streaming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Keqi Deng , Wenxi Chen , Xie Chen , Philip C. Woodland

Simultaneous translation is a task in which translation begins before the speaker has finished speaking, so it is important to decide when to start the translation process. However, deciding whether to read more input words or start to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Yasumasa Kano , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) aims to yield a real-time partial translation with a monotonically growing the source-side context. However, there is a counterintuitive phenomenon about the context usage between training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Meizhi Zhong , Lemao Liu , Kehai Chen , Mingming Yang , Min Zhang

Through the development of neural machine translation, the quality of machine translation systems has been improved significantly. By exploiting advancements in deep learning, systems are now able to better approximate the complex mapping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-03 Jan Niehues , Ngoc-Quan Pham , Thanh-Le Ha , Matthias Sperber , Alex Waibel

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) outputs translation while reading source sentence and hence requires a policy to decide whether to wait for the next source word (READ) or generate a target word (WRITE), the actions of which form a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Attention-based Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models suffer from attention deficiency issues as has been observed in recent research. We propose a novel mechanism to address some of these limitations and improve the NMT attention.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Baskaran Sankaran , Haitao Mi , Yaser Al-Onaizan , Abe Ittycheriah

Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) generates translations while reading the source sentence, necessitating a policy to determine the optimal timing for reading and generating words. Despite the remarkable performance achieved by Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Attention is the core mechanism of today's most used architectures for natural language processing and has been analyzed from many perspectives, including its effectiveness for machine translation-related tasks. Among these studies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sara Papi , Marco Turchi , Matteo Negri