Related papers: The Gini Index in Algebraic Combinatorics and Repr…

In this paper we will show that the Gini coefficient and the introduced measure of angular inequality are special cases of a wider indexed family of measurements. We will discuss the properties of the defined class based, inter alia, on a…

To demonstrate the usefulness of physical approaches for the study of realistic economic systems, we investigate the inequality of players' wealth in one of the most extensively studied econophysical models, namely, the minority game (MG).…

Ratios of quantiles are often computed for income distributions as rough measures of inequality, and inference for such ratios have recently become available. The special case when the quantiles are symmetrically chosen; that is, when the…

Social inequalities are ubiquitous and evolve towards a universal limit. Herein, we extensively review the values of inequality measures, namely the Gini ($g$) index and the Kolkata ($k$) index, two standard measures of inequality used in…

We demonstrate that Gini coefficients can be used as unified metrics to evaluate many-versus-many (all-to-all) similarity in vector spaces. Our analysis of various image datasets shows that images with the highest Gini coefficients tend to…

Many existing fairness metrics measure group-wise demographic disparities in system behavior or model performance. Calculating these metrics requires access to demographic information, which, in industrial settings, is often unavailable. By…

In several recent works on infinite-dimensional systems of ODEs \cite{cao_derivation_2021,cao_explicit_2021,cao_iterative_2024,cao_sticky_2024}, which arise from the mean-field limit of agent-based models in economics and social sciences…

Transactions are an important aspect of human social life, and represent dynamic flow of information, intangible values, such as trust, as well as monetary and social capital. Although much research has been conducted on the nature of…

We present analytical results for the Gini coefficient of economic inequality under the dynamics of a modified Yard-Sale Model of kinetic asset exchange. A variant of the Yard-Sale Model is introduced by modifying the underlying binary…

This papers aims to establish the empirical relationship between income, net wealth and their joint distribution in a selected group of euro area countries. I estimate measures of dependence between income and net wealth using a…

We introduce the social welfare implications of the Zenga index, a recently proposed index of inequality. Our proposal is derived by following the seminal book by Son (2011) and the recent working paper by Kakwani and Son (2019). We compare…

Given the wealth inequality worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify the mode of wealth exchange through which it arises. To address the research gap regarding models that combine equivalent exchange and redistribution, this study…

In classification tasks, the long-tailed minority classes usually offer the predictions that are most important. Yet these classes consistently exhibit low accuracies, whereas a few high-performing classes dominate the game. We pursue a…

The argument that the alarming level of Gini coefficient is 0.4 is very popular, especially in the media industry, all around the world for a long time. Although the 0.4 standard is widely accepted, the derivation of the value lacks rigid…

Measuring the degree of inequality expressed by a multivariate statistical distribution is a challenging problem, which appears in many fields of science and engineering. In this paper, we propose to extend the well known univariate Gini…

The key indicators of model stability are the population stability index (PSI), which uses the difference in population distribution, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic (KS) between two distributions. When deriving a binary choice model,…

Composite indices like the Gender Equality Index (GEI) are widely used to monitor gender disparities and guide evidence-based policy. However, their original design is often limited when applied to subnational contexts. Building on the GEI…

This article examines the application of a popular measure of sparsity, Gini Index, on network graphs. A wide variety of network graphs happen to be sparse. But the index with which sparsity is commonly measured in network graphs is edge…

This paper presents findings from a web-experiment on a representative sample of the French population. It examines the acceptability of the Pigou-Dalton principle of transfers, which posits that transferring income from an individual to a…

We study the mathematical and economic structure of the Kolkata (k) index of income inequality. We show that the k-index always exists and is a unique fixed point of the complementary Lorenz function, where the Lorenz function itself gives…