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We study estimation and prediction of Gaussian random fields with covariance models belonging to the generalized Wendland (GW) class, under fixed domain asymptotics. As the Mat\'ern case, this class allows a continuous parameterization of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-17 M. Bevilacqua , T. Faouzi , R. Furrer , E. Porcu

The prevalence of spatially referenced multivariate data has impelled researchers to develop a procedure for the joint modeling of multiple spatial processes. This ordinarily involves modeling marginal and cross-process dependence for any…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-10 Ghulam A. Qadir , Ying Sun

Fractional Gaussian fields are scalar-valued random functions or generalized functions on an $n$-dimensional manifold $M$, indexed by a parameter $s$. They include white noise ($s = 0$), Brownian motion ($s=1, n=1$), the 2D Gaussian free…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-28 Sky Cao , Scott Sheffield

Isotropic Gaussian random fields on the sphere are characterized by Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve expansions with respect to the spherical harmonic functions and the angular power spectrum. The smoothness of the covariance is connected to the decay of…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-26 Annika Lang , Christoph Schwab

Smoothness has long been the dominant form of parsimony in functional data analysis, to the point of occasionally being conflated with the very notion of functional data. However, many core inferential tasks depend on the inverse…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-21 Ulysse Naepels , Victor M. Panaretos

Modeling data with non-stationary covariance structure is important to represent heterogeneity in geophysical and other environmental spatial processes. In this work, we investigate a multistage approach to modeling non-stationary…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-05 Ashton Wiens , Douglas Nychka , William Kleibe

We consider a class of Gaussian Free Fields denoted by $(g_x)_{x \in {\cal V}_N}$, where $ {\cal V}_N = \{0,1\}^N$ and $N\in \mathbb{Z}_+$. These fields are related to a general class of $N$-dimensional random walks on the hypercube, which…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Robert Griffiths

The construction of valid and flexible cross-covariance functions is a fundamental task for modeling multivariate space-time data arising from climatological and oceanographical phenomena. Indeed, a suitable specification of the covariance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-23 Alfredo Alegría , Emilio Porcu , Reinhard Furrer , Jorge Mateu

The purpose of this technical note is to summarize the relationship between the marginal variance and correlation length of a Gaussian random field with Mat\'ern covariance and the coefficients of the corresponding…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Umberto Villa , Thomas O'Leary-Roseberry

We begin with isotropic Gaussian random fields, and show how the Bochner-Godement theorem gives a natural way to describe their covariance structure. We continue with a study of Mat\'ern processes on Euclidean space, spheres, manifolds and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-24 N. H. Bingham , Tasmin L. Symons

Gaussian random field on general ultrametric space is introduced as a solution of pseudodifferential stochastic equation. Covariation of the introduced random field is computed with the help of wavelet analysis on ultrametric spaces. Notion…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-05-10 A. Yu. Khrennikov , S. V. Kozyrev

We introduce a novel class of non-stationary covariance functions for random fields on linear networks that allows both the variance and the correlation range of the random field to vary spatially. The proposed covariance functions are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Alfredo Alegría

We establish a general criterion for the positivity of the variance of a chaotic component of local functionals of stationary vector-valued Gaussian fields. This criterion is formulated in terms of the spectral properties of the covariance…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Louis Gass

Covariance matrix estimation concerns the problem of estimating the covariance matrix from a collection of samples, which is of extreme importance in many applications. Classical results have shown that $O(n)$ samples are sufficient to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Wei Cui , Xu Zhang , Yulong Liu

Gaussian processes and random fields have a long history, covering multiple approaches to representing spatial and spatio-temporal dependence structures, such as covariance functions, spectral representations, reproducing kernel Hilbert…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-18 Finn Lindgren , David Bolin , Håvard Rue

Spatial processes observed in various fields, such as climate and environmental science, often occur on a large scale and demonstrate spatial nonstationarity. Fitting a Gaussian process with a nonstationary Mat\'ern covariance is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-21 Pratik Nag , Yiping Hong , Sameh Abdulah , Ghulam A. Qadir , Marc G. Genton , Ying Sun

We analyse the covariance of the one-dimensional mass power spectrum along lines of sight. The covariance reveals the correlation between different modes of fluctuations in the cosmic density field and gives the sample variance error for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Hu Zhan , Daniel Eisenstein

In this paper, we study Markovian random iterations of maps on standard measurable spaces. We establish a one-to-one correspondence between stationary measures and a certain class of invariant measures of a Markovian random iteration,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-06-07 Edgar Matias

Whittle-Mat\'ern fields are a recently introduced class of Gaussian processes on metric graphs, which are specified as solutions to a fractional-order stochastic differential equation. Unlike earlier covariance-based approaches for…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-26 David Bolin , Alexandre Simas , Jonas Wallin

This paper considers a generalization of Gaussian random field with covariance function of Whittle-Mat$\acute{\text{e}}$rn family. Such a random field can be obtained as the solution to the fractional stochastic differential equation with…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-07-28 S. C. Lim , L. P. Teo